Key Terms
This term means belief in one god.
Monotheism
This woman was the goddess of wisdom in Greek mythology.
Athena
This leader guided the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.
Moses
This city-state was known for its military society.
Sparta
Rome was founded, according to legend, by these twin brothers.
Romulus and Remus
A government ruled by a few powerful people.
An oligarchy
He was the first emperor of Rome and began the empire.
Augustus Caesar
This object was considered especially sacred because it held the Commandments.
The Ark of the Covenant
This philosopher taught using questions and answers in a method that now bears his name.
Socrates
These were the two social classes of ancient Rome.
Patricians and Plebeians
A person who delivers messages from God.
This historian is known as the "father of history" in Greece.
Herodotus
These were the first three kings of Israel.
Saul, David, and Solomon
These early Greek civilizations lived on Crete and mainland Greece.
The Minoans and the Mycenaeans
What was the purpose of the Twelve Tables?
To record Rome’s laws publicly and ensure legal equality
A Roman lawmaker could block another’s decision using this power.
A veto
He conquered a massive empire before dying at 32 years old.
Alexander the Great
Name the two kingdoms the Israelites split into after Solomon's death.
Israel and Judah
This Greek military formation was made up of rows of foot soldiers using shields and spears.
Phalanx
Name three reforms introduced by Julius Caesar.
1. The Julian calendar
2. Land for the poor
3. Citizenship to people in the provinces
This is the belief in opposing good and evil and was practiced by the Persians.
Zoroastrianism
These were the three men in the First Roman Triumvirate.
Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus
List three beliefs the Israelites held about God based on the teachings of the prophets.
1. God is just and fair
2. God demands good behavior
3. God expects people to treat others fairly
Name three countries conquered by Alexander the Great.
Egypt, Persia, and parts of India
What was the Pax Romana, and who began it
A long period of Roman peace started by Augustus.