Scatter Plot Mastery
This type of graph is used to represent data with two variables and does not necessarily represent a function.
What is a scatter plot
This is the primary reason for adding a fitted line or "linear model" to a scatter plot.
What is to predict values that are not given in the data?
This type of association exists when the dependent variable tends to increase as the independent variable increases.
What is a postivite association?
This type of table is used to display frequencies for two categorical variables (e.g., "Plays a Sport" and "Plays an Instrument").
What is a two-way table?
This is the term for the list of all possible outcomes for a multi-step experiment.
What is a sample space?
In a scatter plot comparing a panda’s age to its weight, this is what the point (36, 82) represents.
What is: at 36 months of age, the panda weighed 82 kilograms?
To fit a data set well, a line should go through this part of the data "cloud."
What is the middle (with points as close as possible to the line)?
This type of association exists when the dependent variable tends to decrease as the independent variable increases.
What is a negative association?
This is calculated by dividing the actual frequency of a category by the total for that group, often expressed as a percentage.
What is relative frequency?
This rule states you can find the total outcomes of a sequence of steps by multiplying the number of possible outcomes for each step.
What is the multiplication rule?
These two items must be included in the axis labels of a scatter plot so that patterns can be understood in context.
What are the attribute (variable) and the units?
If a linear model for diamond prices has a slope of 5,520, it means the price increases by this much for every 1-carat increase in weight.
What is $5,520?
This describes a scatter plot where the variables do not appear to be related to each other at all.
What is no association?
This type of graph represents 100% of a category in a single bar, divided into parts showing the percentage of a second category.
What is a segmented bar graph?
These are the three common methods used to organize and represent a sample space.
What are lists, tables, and tree diagrams?
This term describes a data point that is far away from the other points or does not fit the overall trend.
What is an outlier?
A fitted line for fuel efficiency has a slope of -0.011. This indicates that as car weight increases, fuel efficiency does this.
What is decreases?
If the points in a scatter plot lie along a curve rather than a straight line, the association is described as this.
What is non-linear?
Evidence of an association in a two-way table is found when these are very different between different categories.
What are relative frequencies?
In a flip-and-roll experiment (coin and 6-sided die), there are this many total possible outcomes.
What is 12? (2×6=12)
This feature occurs when points in a scatter plot are clumped together in separate groups, often indicating the presence of multiple subgroups.
What is clustering?
When choosing these for a scatter plot axis, you should ensure they aren't so close that the data is cramped or so far apart that the trend is hard to see.
What are scales?
This indicates that the variables have a constant rate of increase or decrease.
What is a linear association?
When comparing groups of very different sizes, this representation is more useful than raw counts (actual frequencies).
What is relative frequency?
An event with a probability of exactly zero is described as being this.
What is impossible?