Early Industrial Revolution
What is the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution?
Great Britain (northern England)
How did preserving fruits and vegetables improve people's health?
What is: It improved their diets by allowing them to eat fruits, and vegetables at times in which they could not be grown fresh.
What are the four main products of the first Industrial Revolution?
textiles, railroads, coal, and iron
What are the names given to the two new social classes that emerged during the Industrial Revolution?
Industrial middle class and industrial working class
What were the working conditions for factory and mine workers during the Industrial Revolution?
Dangerous, dirty, unhealthy, dusty, long hours, few breaks
What are the five main reasons why the Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain?
Improved agriculture, population growth, ready supply of capital & entrepreneurs, natural resources, supply of markets
What invention was improved by James Watt that was the most important invention of the Industrial Revolution - used to drive machinery in factories and locomotives
steam engine
What are the four main products of the Second Industrial Revolution?
steel, electricity, petroleum, and chemicals
What groups of people made up two-thirds of the cotton industry's workforce by 1833?
women and children
Who invented a vaccination for the disease call Smallpox?
Who is: Edward Jenner?
What is the name given to the type of industry in which people produced goods in their own homes before factories were built?
cottage industry
What was the name given to the first steam-powered locomotive to ride on a public railroad in 1830 (between Liverpool and Manchester)?
The Rocket
What was the first city to reach a population of about 1 million in 1800?
London
What law in Great Britain set 9 as the minimum age for employment, children between 9 and 13 could work only 9 hours a day, and those between 13 and 18 could work 12 hours a day?
Factory Act of 1833
What were the causes of population growth?
The decline in death rates, wars, and diseases, increase in the food supply
What industry had the following four inventions: flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water-powered loom, steam engine?
textile industry
What is the name given to the new type of labor system in the factories, in which the factories were kept open day and night and workers did the same work over and over?
shift work
What is the term used for the movement of people from the countryside to the cities during the Industrial Revolution?
urbanization
In what country were thousands of miles of roads and canals built to link the east with the west (later railroads were also built)?
USA
What is the name of the German who criticized the early socialists, and who later wrote "The Communist Manifesto" with Friedrich Engels?
Karl Marx
What was the first major industry of the Industrial Revolution?
cotton cloth (textiles)
What did John Snow find that was causing Cholera?
What is: Sewage had spilled into the pump's water supply.
What is the name for the economic system based on industrial production?
industrial capitalism
What is the name of the American who built the first steam-powered paddleboat, the Clermont, in 1807?
Robert Fulton
What is the name of the American dentist that first discovered the first surgical painkiller?
What did they call the pain killer?
Who is: Horaces Wells?
What is: Laughing Gas