Static tripod age:
Dynamic tripod age:
Static: 3.6-4 years
Dynamic: 4.6-6 years
Absence of this reflex usually reflects peripheral (I.e. root, plexus, nerve) or spinal cord involvement, especially if asymmetrical responses are noted.
Retained palmar grasp reflex
Systems associated with this reflex are vestibular, proprioceptive, auditory and visual
Retained tonic labyrinthe reflex
Palmar supinate age
12-18 months
between finger tips or fingernails, distal thumb joint flexed, proximal thumb joint slightly flexed
Fine (superior) pincer grasp : 12 months
If retained, the child may be hypersensitive to other sensations, may over react to stimulation and be in a constant state of "fight or flight"
Systems associated with the rooting reflex:
Tactile and proprioceptive
Severe persistence of primitive reflexes predominately indicates physical problems such as _________
Cerebral palsy
Sensory systems associated with ATNR:
auditory, visual, proprioceptive, and vestibular
Thumb adducted, proximal and distal thumb joints flexed, fingers extended
Rake: 6 months
Retained palmar grasp in children with CP will be _______
very weak.
Difficulties with retaining this reflex include social/learning problems, poor articulation, tactile sensitivity around the face, messy eating and poor manual dexterity
Retained rooting reflex
Milder persistence of primitive reflexes is associated with ___________
Learning problems
May have problems with sitting still at a desk or learning to swim, and usually do not feel comfortable with ball games
Retained STNR
Between ventral surfaces of thumb and index fingers, proximal and distal thumb joints extended, beginning opposition
Inferior pincer grasp : 9 months
Sensory systems associated with this reflex include the auditory, tactile, visual, vestibular and proprioceptive systems
Moro reflex
Inability to sit still "ants in pants", possible scoliosis, poor concentration, poor posture, hip rotation to one side when walking, bedwetting beyond the age of 5
Retained spinal galant reflex
Difficulty keeping head in a flexed position, trouble paying attention when sitting at a desk or reading, poor posture, poor balance, motion sickness, dyspraxia, toe walking, hypo/er tonus
Retained tonic labyrinthe reflex
Possible scoliosis, poor handwriting, difficulty expressing ideas in written forms, difficulty with eye tracking, "lazy child"
Retained ATNR
Raking objects into palm with flexed fingers and proximal and distal thumb joints flexed
Inferior scissors grasp: 7 months
Retained palmar grasp reflex in children with hemiplegia or quadriplegia are ______ and ________.
Increased, retained
Sensory systems associated with the spinal galant reflex:
Distal pronate age
24-36 months
Characterized by poor posture, poor eye-hand coordination, and focusing difficulties
Retained STNR
Between thumb and side of curled index finger, distal thumb joint slightly fixed, proximal thumb joint extended
Scissors grasp: 8 months