Pick
Addresses the ability to hold the position of an individual limb or limb segment
Fixation or limb holding
Order of coordination testing
1. unilateral tasks
2. bilateral symmetrical tasks
3. bilateral asymmetrical tasks
4. multi limb tasks
Finger to nose; finger to therapists finger; finger to finger; alternate nose to finger; finger opposition; mass grasp; pronation/supination; rebound test are all examples of what
Coordination testing
The ability to control spontaneous sway in order to sit upright (static)
Steady state
Response to external forces acting on the body
Reactive postural control
Involves movement control achieved by synergistic muscle groups acting together
Movement composition
Which part of the brain is affected if s/s of: dysdiadochokinesia, dysmetria, dyssynergia, asyneria, gait ataxia
Cerebellum
Which part of the brain is affected if s/s of: gait disturbances, dysmetria
DCML
Which part of the brain is affected if s/s of: akinesia, athestosis, chorea
Basal ganglia
Ability to reverse movement between opposing muscle groups
Reciprocal motion
Decreased strength; decreased ROM; slowed reaction time; postural changes are related to what
Age related changes
4 things we are looking at in coordination tests
1. reciprocal motion
2. movement composition
3. movement accuracy
4. fixation or limb holding
Which motor category: posture, balance, extremity movements
ex: walk, run, stairs, working out, swimming
Gross motor
Which type of motor: skillful, controlled manipulation
ex: writing, typing
Fine motor
The ability to gauge or judge distance and speed of voluntary movement
Movement accuracy
Anticipation of internally generated, destabilizing forces imposed on the bodys own movement
Proactive (anticipatory) postural control
Balance with a secondary task (motor or cognitive)
Dual task control
Prevent a fall after the COM moves irreparably beyond the LOS and prevent injury by one or more extremities reaching out to prop on the surface or reset/expand the BOS in the direction of the disturbance to avert a fall.
Protective reactions
Orient the head in space and the body in relation to the head and support surface
Righting reaction
Allows the individual to modify postural responses to changing tasks and environmental demands
Adaptive postural control
Sophisticated postural responses that occur in response to substantial displacement of the COM
Equilibrium/balance reactions
Which sensory strategy is most closely associated with DCML?
Romberg
What are the 3 sensory strategies?
1. Romberg
2. Sharpened romberg
3. Clinical test of sensory integration and balance (CTSIB)
Balance: self reported measures
1. activities: specific balance orientation scale (ABC's)
2. Tinetti fall efficacy scale
What is the cut off for TUG test?
13.5 seconds