Lots of
What are the stages called when we have initial double limb stance? (2)
1. initial contact
2. Loading response
What are the 2 phases on single limb support?
1. Midstance
2. Terminal stance
What is the terminal double limb stance phase called?
Pre-swing
What are the 3 swing phases called?
1. Initial swing
2. Mid swing
3. Terminal swing
Name the phase of gait: Beginning of stance when heel or some other portion of foot contacts ground. Component of initial double limb stance
Initial contact
Name the phase of gait: trunk continues forward progression relative to foot. Heel rises from ground and limb achieves trailing limb posture. Second half of single limb support. Ends with contralateral initial contact.
Terminal stance
Name the phase of gait: Body weight rapidly unloads from reference limb and reference limb prepares for swing during this terminal double limb stance period. Starts with contralateral initial contact and ends at ipsilateral limb toe off.
Pre-swing
Name the phase of gait: Trunk progressed from behind to in front of ankle over single stable limb. First half of single limb support. Starts when contralateral foot lifts from ground for swing.
Mid stance
Name the phase of gait: Starts when reference foot lifts from ground. Hip, knee, and ankle rapidly flex for clearance and advancement during the initial 1/3 of swing
Initial swing
Name the phase of gait: Body weight rapidly loads onto lead limb from trailing limb. Hip remains stable, knee flexes to absorb shock, and forefoot lowers to ground. Immediately follows initial contact and is final component of initial double limb stance. Ends when opposite limb lifts from ground for swing.
Loading response
Name the phase of gait: Thigh continues advancing, knee begins to extend, and ankle achieves neutral posture during this middle 1/3 of swing
Mid swing
Traditional: portion of swing when reference limb is decelerating in preparation for heel strike
Deceleration
Traditional: Portion of swing when reference limb passes directly below body. Extends from the end of acceleration to beginning of deceleration.
Mid swing
Traditional: Beginning portion of swing from reference limb toe off to point when reference limb is directly under the body
Acceleration
Name the phase of gait: During this final 1/3 of swing, knee achieves maximal extension and ankle remains at neutral in preparation for heel first initial contact. Ends when foot contacts ground.
Terminal swing
Traditional: Point following heel off when only the reference limbs toe is contacting ground
Toe off
Traditional: beginning of stance when heel first contacts ground
Heel strike
Traditional: Point following midstance when reference limbs heel leaves ground
Heel off
Traditional: Immediately follows heel strike when sole of foot contacts floor
Foot flat
Traditional: Point at which body passes directly over reference extremity
Midstance
A shortening contraction that produces acceleration
Concentric muscle contraction
Ground reaction forces, inertial forces, and gravitational forces that affect joint motion
External load
A stabilizing contraction that produces no net power. Force is produced without length change in the muscle
Isometric muscle contraction
A lengthening contraction that produces deceleration
Eccentric muscle contraction