The Milky Way
What is the name of our galaxy?
The Milky Way
What force do we use measure the size of galaxies?
Gravity
The _______ _______ is a series of methods astronomers use to measure distance.
Cosmic (Distance) Ladder
What type of star creates Type 1a supernovae?
White dwarf
What Law was formulated to determine how quickly a galaxy is moving away from us?
Hubble's Law
What force hold galaxies together?
If a galaxy is rotating quickly, this usually means it has ______ mass.
More
What is the name for the type of stellar explosion scientists use to calculate the distance of faraway galaxies?
Type 1a supernova
If brightness of a Type 1a supernova decreases, the distance of the supernova ________.
increases
What is a phenomenon where stars appear more red than they are supposed to because they are moving away from us?
Redshift
What is at the center of the Milky Way?
Supermassive black hole
What is most of a galaxy's mass made up of?
Dark matter
Cepheid variables, stellar parallax, and radar can be used to measure distances __________ our galaxy.
within/inside
A _________ __________ is a tool scientists use as a brightness comparison to determine distance of stars and galaxies.
standard candle
The farther away a galaxy is from our planet, the ________ it is moving away from us.
faster
How long will it be until our galaxy collides with the Andromeda Galaxy?
5 billion years
What are the three main types of galaxies we studied in this unit?
Spiral, elliptical, & irregular
What does the unit Mpc stand for?
Megaparsec or ~3.26 million light-years
How much more mass, compared to our Sun, would a white dwarf need to "consume" in order for a Type 1a supernova to occur?
1.4x
What is the most widely accepted value for Hubble's Constant (H0)?
~70 km/s/Mpc
A galaxy is best described as a collection of _________, ________, and ________.
Stars, gas, & dust
What happens when two spiral galaxies collide?
An elliptical galaxy is formed
What are the two "top" rungs on the Cosmic Ladder?
Type 1a Supernovae & Hubble's Law
What would be the distance of a Type 1a supernova if the observed brightness was 18.2 M?
Sqrt(19.5/observed brightness)
1.04 Mpc
If a galaxy is 13 Mpc away, how fast is it moving away from us?
v= d x H0
910 km/s