Epidemiology Basics
Which term refers to the percentage of a population that engages in gambling over a defined period of time?
A) Incidence.
B) Prevalence.
C) Participation.
D) Severity.
C) Participation.
The most typical age of onset for gambling disorder occurs in:
A) Adolescence
B) Early adulthood only
C) Mid-20s to late 30s
D) Late adulthood
C) Mid-20s to late 30s
Individuals who relapse after treatment tend to show deficits in:
A) Memory.
B) Language.
C) Disinhibition and decision-making.
D) Emotional regulation.
C) Disinhibition and decision-making.
Compared to the general population, people with a gambling disorder have:
A) Similar suicide rates.
B) Lower suicidal ideation.
C) Much higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts.
D) Increased ideation only.
C) Much higher rates of suicidal ideation and attempts.
The “winning phase” of gambling disorder is typically marked by:
A) Repeated losses.
B) Early significant wins.
C) Criminal behaviour.
D) Treatment entry.
B) Early significant wins.
Prevalence refers to:
A) New cases of gambling disorder.
B) Existing cases of gambling disorder.
C) Gambling participation over time.
D) Gambling-related harms only.
B) Existing cases of gambling disorder.
In men, the onset of a gambling disorder shows which pattern?
A) Uniform across lifespan.
B) Bimodal distribution.
C) Linear increase with age.
D) Late-onset only.
B) Bimodal distribution.
Which task is commonly used to assess gambling-related decision-making deficits?
A) Stroop Task.
B) Trail Making Test.
C) IOWA Gambling Task.
D) Digit Span.
C) IOWA Gambling Task.
Lifetime suicide attempts among individuals with gambling disorder are approximately:
A) 4%.
B) 9%.
C) 15%.
D) 36%.
D) 36%.
Which phase is characterized by chasing losses?
A) Winning phase.
B) Losing phase.
C) Desperation phase.
D) Remission phase.
B) Losing phase.
Incidence is best defined as:
A) Lifetime gambling participation.
B) Severity of gambling disorder.
C) Rate of new gambling disorder cases.
D) Percentage of treatment seekers.
C) Rate of new gambling disorder cases.
Women with a gambling disorder are most likely to show:
A) Earlier onset than men.
B) Peak onset in adolescence.
C) A later peak age of onset.
D) No identifiable onset pattern.
C) A later peak age of onset.
Poor performance on stop-signal tasks indicates difficulties with:
A) Attention.
B) Learning.
C) Impulse control.
D) Emotional processing.
C) Impulse control.
Gambling disorder most commonly impacts which life domains?
A) Financial only.
B) Emotional only.
C) Social and financial.
D) Social, financial, professional, and personal.
D) Social, financial, professional, and personal.
Illegal behaviours are most likely to emerge during which phase?
A) Winning.
B) Losing.
C) Desperation.
D) Recreational.
C) Desperation.
Which measure is most commonly used to assess problem gambling, not Gambling Disorder?
A) DSM-5.
B) PGSI.
C) IOWA Gambling Task.
D) MINI.
B) PGSI.
Which best describes the course of gambling disorder?
A) Acute and brief.
B) Progressive and irreversible.
C) Chronic and relapsing.
D) Self-limiting.
C) Chronic and relapsing.
Neurocognitive deficits are clinically important because they may help predict:
A) Treatment motivation.
B) Gambling preference.
C) Relapse risk.
D) Financial harm.
C) Relapse risk.
As a gambling disorder progresses, individuals often:
A) Increase social engagement.
B) Reduce secrecy.
C) Isolate themselves.
D) Seek treatment early.
C) Isolate themselves.
The estimated prevalence of criminal behaviour among people with gambling disorder ranges from:
A) 5–15%.
B) 10–25%.
C) 20–80%.
D) 60–90%.
C) 20–80%.
“Problematic gambling” is best described as:
A) A DSM-5 diagnosis.
B) A legal classification.
C) An umbrella term including problem gambling and gambling disorder.
D) A subtype of gambling disorder.
C) An umbrella term including problem gambling and gambling disorder.
Longitudinal studies suggest that most individuals with a gambling disorder:
A) Progress to severe disorder.
B) Remain stable over time.
C) Move toward lower severity over time.
D) Stop gambling completely.
C) Move toward lower severity over time.
Which combination is most strongly linked to relapse?
A) Depression and anxiety.
B) Disinhibition and reward sensitivity.
C) Social isolation and shame.
D) Financial stress and debt.
B) Disinhibition and reward sensitivity.
Feelings of guilt and shame are most closely associated with:
A) Recreational gambling.
B) Early experimentation.
C) Loss of control over gambling.
D) Winning phases.
C) Loss of control over gambling.
The relationship between gambling disorder and criminal behaviour is best described as:
A) Unidirectional.
B) Coincidental.
C) Bidirectional.
D) Rare.
C) Bidirectional.