Problem Solving
Checking every single shelf in a store to find a specific spice.
What is an Algorithm?
Fearing shark attacks because they are always on the news, despite them being rare.
What is the Availability Heuristic?
Spearman’s idea that one general factor underlies all mental abilities.
What is General Intelligence (g)?
A child’s ability to solve a brand-new, complex logic puzzle very quickly.
What is Fluid Intelligence?
A test used to predict if a student will be a good nurse before they start school.
What is an Aptitude Test?
A sparrow is a better example of a "bird" than an ostrich because it is a better...
What is a Prototype?
Refusing to believe a politician is lying even after being shown video proof.
What is Belief Perseverance?
The theory that intelligence includes Analytical, Creative, and Practical parts.
What is Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory?
An old teacher’s massive vocabulary and bank of historical facts.
What is Crystallized Intelligence?
Taking a personality test twice and getting the same result both times.
What is Reliability?
Failing to see that a heavy stapler could be used as a paperweight.
What is Functional Fixedness?
Assuming a tall person plays basketball because they fit your mental image of a player.
What is the Representativeness Heuristic?
Howard Gardner’s view that there are 8 or 9 distinct types of intelligence.
What is Multiple Intelligences?
Men often score higher on tasks involving this, like rotating a map in their mind.
What is Spatial Orientation?
The steady rise in IQ scores over the last 100 years.
What is the Flynn Effect?
Listing 30 different things you can do with a plastic spoon.
What is Divergent Thinking?
Feeling better about "80% Lean" beef than "20% Fat" beef.
What is Framing?
The ability to understand and manage your own feelings and those of others.
What is Emotional Intelligence?
Women often perform better than men on tasks involving this, like verbal fluency.
What is Spelling/Verbal Fluency?
A student bombs a test because they fear confirming a negative rumor about their group.
What is Stereotype Threat?
A mechanic uses a "rule of thumb" to quickly guess what is wrong with an engine.
What is a Heuristic?
Reading only news articles that agree with your current political stance.
What is Confirmation Bias?
The theory that our intelligence is based on (g) as well as specific abilities, bridged by (Gf) and (Gc).
What is Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC)
Identical twins raised apart having similar IQs shows the influence of this.
What is Heredity (Nature)?
When conducting an experiment, to prevent one group from being more advantaged than the other, Dr. Aris used this.
What is Random Assignment?