Colonizing Virginia
What was the first permanent English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
In what year was Jamestown founded?
1607
What Native American political alliance lived in the region surrounding Jamestown?
The Powhatan
What colony did the Pilgrims establish in 1620?
Plymouth Colony
What colony did the Puritans establish in 1630?
Massachusetts Bay Colony
What company received a charter to establish Jamestown?
Virginia Company
What crop became extremely profitable for Virginia?
Tobacco
Give one way Native Americans helped the Jamestown settlers during the colony’s early years.
They traded food with the settlers and shared knowledge that helped them survive.
What was a major reason the Pilgrims left England?
They wanted greater freedom to practice their religion separately from the Church of England.
Why did many Puritans leave England for North America?
Reform
Which Jamestown leader required settlers to work and helped the struggling colony survive?
John Smith
Who helped make tobacco a successful cash crop in Virginia?
John Rolfe
What was one major cause of conflict between English colonists and Native Americans?
Competition over land and resources.
What was the name of the ship that carried the Pilgrims to North America?
Mayflower
Who was an important leader and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
John Winthrop
What representative assembly was established in Virginia in 1619?
The House of Burgesses.
What was the period of extreme hunger and death in Jamestown during the winter of 1609–1610 called?
The Starving Time
Why did conflicts increase as Jamestown became more successful?
English settlers expanded their farms and settlements onto more Native American land.
What agreement did the Pilgrims create to establish rules for governing themselves?
The Mayflower Compac
John Winthrop described the Puritan colony as a “city upon a hill.” What did he mean?
He wanted their community to serve as an example for others.
As tobacco plantations grew, why did Virginia colonists demand more workers?
Tobacco required a large amount of labor to plant, grow, harvest, and prepare for sale.
How did tobacco change Virginia’s economy and settlement?
It became a profitable cash crop, encouraged plantation growth, increased demand for land and labor, and helped Virginia become economically successful
Explain the connection between tobacco and increased conflict between Virginia colonists and Native Americans.
Tobacco was profitable but required large amounts of land. Colonists expanded tobacco farms, increasing pressure on Native lands and contributing to more conflict.
Who helped the Pilgrims communicate with Native Americans and taught them important survival skills?
Sqaunto
What was an important difference between the Pilgrims and Puritans?
Pilgrims were Separatists who wanted to separate from the Church of England, while Puritans generally wanted to reform or “purify” the Church of England.