Ecosystem Dynamics and Biodiversity
This biome is characterized by extremely cold temperatures, low biodiversity, permafrost, and a short growing season.
What is a tundra
What stage of population growth are all developing countries in? (Nigeria, Pakistan, Afganistan)
Stage 2
This type of tectonic boundary occurs where two plates slide past each other, often causing severe earthquakes like the San Andreas Fault.
A transform boundary
This fossil fuel is primarily composed of methane and is considered the cleanest burning nonrenewable energy source.
What is natural gas
This type of air pollutant forms when primary pollutants react with water vapor, sunlight, or other atmospheric gases, such as ozone.
Secondary Pollutants
This type of species is not native to an ecosystem and can cause environmental or economic harm.
What is an invasive species
If a country is growing at an annual rate of 4.25%, how long will it take for their population to double
16.47 Years (16.5 and 16.4 will be accepted)
This environmental problem occurs when over-irrigation in arid climates leads to water evaporating, leaving a crust of toxic minerals on topsoil.
Soil Salinization
This renewable energy source generates electricity by using moving air to spin turbines.
What is wind energy
This weather phenomenon occurs when a layer of warm air traps colder, pollutant-heavy air close to the Earth's surface, exacerbating smog.
Thermal Inversion
In a food web, only this percentage of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.
What is 10%
What is the TFR rate a population needs to sustain growth?
A TFR of 2.1
This lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the majority of the atmosphere's mass and is where all human weather occurs.
The Troposphere
This type of mining removes the top layer of soil and rock to access shallow mineral deposits, often causing major habitat destruction.
What is strip mining
Name the three required environmental "ingredients" that react together to form photochemical smog.
NOx, VOCs, Sunlight
This ecological relationship occurs when one organism benefits while the other is unaffected, often seen when birds nest in trees or barnacles attach to whales.
What is commensalism
The maximum population size of a species that an environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, resources, and water available?
Carrying Capacity
Name two technological advancements that characterized the Green Revolution of the mid-20th century to drastically boost crop yields.
synthetic fertilizers, chemical pesticides, GMOs, mechanized agriculture
This energy resource uses heat from earth’s interior to produce electricity or heat buildings.
What is geothermal energy
This naturally occurring, radioactive gas decays from uranium in bedrock and can enter homes through foundation cracks, causing lung cancer.
Radon
This term describes the rate at which producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, minus the energy they use for respiration.
What is net primary productivity (NPP)
Name two Socioeconomic factors that can decrease TFR in a country.
Contraceptives, Access to education about family planning, women focusing on their careers, access to higher education.
This specific geological process occurs when heavy rain causes water to dissolve and wash soluble nutrients down through lower soil horizons. (Think Landfills, runoff)
Leaching
This environmental issue is commonly associated with coal combustion and is caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions reacting with water vapor in the atmosphere.
What is acid rain
This pollution control device is installed on smokestacks to remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas by spraying a liquid slurry over exhaust.
Wet Scrubbers