Particles
How do particles move around in a gas?
Random
Bernoulli's equation is based on conservation of ______
Energy!
True or false: real gases do not have intermolecular force attractions
False. Ideal gases do not, but real gases DO have intermolecular force attractions.
What is flow rate?
The volume of fluid passing a point per unit time.
What is a fluid?
A substance that can flow and take the shape of its container
More particles cause pressure to?
According to Bernoulli's principle, as speed increases then pressure ______
Decreases!
Which has the lowest forces of attraction, solids, liquids, or gases?
What is gases.
What is a smooth pattern of flow?
What is laminar flow.
What are the two main types of fluids?
Liquids and gases.
What happens to particles when they are cooled?
They move slower
P1 = 8.94 atm, V1 = 17.2 L. When V2 = 2.71 L, find P2
P2 = P1V1/V2. P2 = 56.7 atm
Gases take the shape of the _______ they are in.
What is container.
Law that states that the total pressure is equal to the sum of the partial pressures exerted by each gas in the mixture.
Dalton's Law
- P_total = P1 + P2 + P3 ....
What is viscosity?
The measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.
What causes pressure?
What are particles colliding with the walls of a container
True or False: air moves quickly over the top of the wing, and slower underneath the wing
True
To use the ideal gas law equation, temperature needs to be in what unit?
Kelvin, K
What number is used to determine fluid flow regimes
What is Knudson number = MFP/d.
Kn <0.001: Viscous
0.001<Kn<1: Transitional
Kn>1: Molecular
What units are used to measure viscosity?
Pascal seconds (Pa·s) or centipoise (cP).
What does a vacuum do?
Remove particles
Bernulli's equation principle is applicable to?
Ideal, incompressible fluid in steady flow.
P1 = 2.45 atm, P2 = 7.67 atm, T1 = 126.5 C, Find T2, in C.
T2 = T1P2/P1. T2 = 1251 K = 978 C (Remember, still need T in Kelvin for the combined gas law equation).
What number is used to determine what type of flow will occur in a particular situation?
Reynold's number (Re) = density x diameter x velocity / viscosity
Re<2300: laminar
Re>4000: turbulent
During laminar flow, quadrupling the radius will cause flow to increase by?
256x increase in flow
- r = 4 x 4 x 4 x 4