Principles and Laws
Boyle’s law relates these two variables that effect gases.
What is Volume and pressure?
Which of the following processes best explains why ice might get smaller if it is left in a freezer for an extended period of time.
sublimation
This is held constant in Gay-Lussac's law
What is volume.
P1 = 740 mmHg
V1 = 250 mL
V2 = 1000 mL
Solve for P2
185 mmHg
A football inflated inside and then taken outdoors on a winter day shrinks slightly.
What is Gay Lussacs law (decreased temperature leads to decreased pressure)
Temperature and volume have a _________ relationship
What does the kinetic theory tell us
-constant motion
-higher temp=faster
-same temp-larger particles move slower
-collisions elastic
The SI unit for pressure
Pa or Pascal
Pushing in the plunger of a plugged-up syringe decreases the volume of air trapped under the plunger.
What is Boyle's law (Increased pressure decreases volume)
direct
Plasma
Temperature is measured in________ when completing gas law problems.
What is kelvin
A force of 38.7 N is applied to the master cylinder of a hydraulic brake system. The cylinder has an area of 7.61cm2. The force from the master cylinder is transferred, by brake fluid, to two brake cylinders that have a total area of 49.1 cm2. How much total force is exerted by the brake cylinders?
250 N
The bubbles exhaled by a scuba diver grow as the approach the surface of the ocean.
What is Boyle's law (The pressure exerted by the weight of the water decreases with depth, so the volume of the bubbles increases as they rise.)
You put a small object into a cup of water and weigh the displaced water. The displaced water weighs 55N. What is the buoyant force on the object if the object has a force of 5N?
55N
Compare the temperature of water as it begins to freeze with the temperature of water as it begins to melt.
When you make the opening of a hose smaller, the water comes out faster. Which principle helps explain this change and what is the variable relationship?
Bernoulli's- speed and pressure are inverse
If an object has a force of 35N, and the weight of the water it displaces has a force of 27N, what will the object do when placed in water?
sink
A slightly under inflated rubber life raft left in bright sunlight swells up (Why shouldn't you overinflate your life raft when your ship goes down in tropical waters?)
What is Charles law (Increased heat increases volume)
A scientist has two samples of a liquid. Both have the same temperature. One sample (A) has a mass of 10g, the other (B) has a mass of 20g. Compare the total kinetic energy of the samples.
Sample A has a lower tke because it has less particles.
A waitress brings you a drink at a restaurant. When you pick it back up several minutes later you notice that the outside of the glass feels wet. What process occurs?
condensation
What is the formula for Pascals Principle
P1=P2 or F1/A1=F2/A2
A medical supply company stores oxygen in a 200.5L tank at a pressure of 9,585kPa. IF the company transfers all of the oxygen to a 350.8L tank, what will the pressure be inside the tank, if the temperature remains constant?
5478 kPa
When gunpowder burns, it creates a large amount of superheated gas. The high pressure of the hot gas behind the bullet forces it out of the barrel of the gun.
What is Gay-Lussac's (Increased temperature increases pressure)