Ideal Gas
What are the conditions of an ideal gas
high temperature, low pressure
Table H, which liquid has the highest normal boiling point?
ethanoic acid
A 4.00 L sample of O₂(g) at STP is compressed to 2.00 L at constant temperature. What is the new pressure of the gas
202.6kPa
A gas has a volume of 3.0 L at 300 K and 100 kPa. If the temperature is doubled and the pressure is halved, what will the new volume be?
12L
Describe the relationship between the temperature (in kelvin) and volume of a gas at constant pressure.
direct
At constant pressure, what happens to the volume of a gas when the temperature increases?
increases
A sample of gas in a 250. mL container at 100. kPa is expanded to 500. mL at constant temperature. What is the new pressure? Show your work.
50kpa
A rigid cylinder contains a gas at 27°C. If the gas is heated to 327°C at constant volume, what will happen to the pressure? Explain your answer.
pressure doubles
Which has the greater average kinetic energy per molecule: 1 mol CO₂ at 300 K or 1 mol He at 400 K? Explain.
He at 400K
At STP, how many liters of O₂(g) contain the same number of molecules as 11.2 L of CO₂(g)?
11.2 L of O₂.
Why: At STP equal volumes of gases contain equal numbers of molecules (Avogadro’s law). So 11.2 L CO₂ ↔ 11.2 L O₂ (both contain the same number of molecules).
A sealed cylinder contains 0.500 L of a gas at STP. Write a numerical setup and calculate the volume of this gas at 202.6 kPa and 273 K. Show work.
.250L
A 2.00 L sample of H₂(g) at 200 kPa is allowed to expand to 8.00 L at constant temperature. Calculate the final pressure. Show your work.
50kPa
What is the approximate vapor pressure of water at 80.0°C
47
State the 5 assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory of gases.
Gas particles are in constant, random motion and their collisions are elastic, negligible particle volume, negligible intermolecular forces
A 0.750 L sample of gas is at STP. The gas is heated to 350.0 K while the pressure is raised to 150.0 kPa. What is the final volume? Show the work.
.649L
A 2.00 L sample of gas at 101.3 kPa and 273 K is compressed so its pressure becomes 80.0 kPa and it is cooled to 250.0 K. What is the new volume? Show the work.
1.48L
Two samples of gas have the same volume, pressure, and temperature, but one is He(g) and the other is N₂(g). Which property must also be the same for both samples? Explain.
number of particles
A 2.00 L sample of gas at STP is compressed so its pressure becomes 80.0 kPa and it is cooled to 250.0 K. What is the new volume? Show the work.
2.32L
A 3.00 L sample of gas at STP is compressed so its pressure becomes 250.0 kPa and then cooled to 250.0 K. What is the new volume? Show the work.
1.11L