Upper GI Drugs
What is the action of antacids
What is - to neutralize the acidity of the stomach - increase the pH of the stomach acid
Which antiemetic is associated with the adverse effect of headache?
What is - ondansetron.
What is a major contraindication for administering misoprostol?
What is women who are pregnant, may become pregnant, or are lactating.
What medication helps the body release gas by belching of passing flatus?
What is - simethicone.
After administering an antacid, how long should the nurse wait before administering any other oral medication?
What is 1-2 hours
Which class of medications are used for gastric ulcers specifically associated with H. Pylori infections?
What is - Proton Pump Inhibitors.
Name the two types of antacids that can cause a laxative effect.
What is - magnesium-containing and sodium-containing antacids.
What is a contraindication for administering an syrup of ipecac?
What is - unconscious clients, ingestion of acids or corrosives, or depressed gag reflex.
Which type of laxative acts by promoting the retention of water to soften stool?
What is - stool softeners.
What is the best time to give sucralfate for maximum effectiveness?
What is 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.
What is the drug class of famotidine?
What is - Histamine H2 Antagonists.
What drug can cause extrapyramidal effects with high or prolonged doses?
What is - metoclopramide
What is a contraindication for administering loperamide to a client?
What is - diarrhea associated with harmful organisms (E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, C. Diff), or abdominal pain of unknown origin.
Which type of laxatives work by acting directly on the intestine to increase peristalsis?
What is - stimulant laxatives. (sennosides, bisacodyl)
What should the nurse instruct the client to take with and following a bulk-producing or stool softening laxative?
What is - full glass of water.
Name a proton pump inhibitor.
What is - omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, or lansoprazole.
Name an adverse effect associated with laxatives.
What is - diarrhea, loss of electrolytes, flatulence, bloating, cramps, weakness, perianal irritation, nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.
What is a contraindication for administering a laxative?
What is - hypersensitivity, persistent abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting of unknown cause, signs of acute appendicitis, fecal impaction or intestinal obstruction, or acute hepatitis.
Name an example of an emollient laxative.
What is - mineral oil.
What type of laxative would the nurse anticipate being ordered for a post-operative client or a client who has had a previous heart attack?
What is - stool softeners or mineral oil.
Name 2 categories of drugs that act by reducing the amount of stomach acid.
What is: - 1. Histamine H2 Antagonists
- 2. Proton Pump Inhibitiors
What adverse effect can occur if an emetic is not vomited up by the client and is absorbed?
What is - cardiotoxicity or cardiomyopathy
What is a contraindication for a client to receive metoclopramide?
What is - hypersensitivity, GI obstruction or perforation, hemorrhage, seizures, or Parkinson Disease.
What medication works on the muscle wall of the bowel to slow motility and is not related to opioids?
What is - loperamide (Imodium)
What is - lactulose.