Cell Structures
What cell organelles are present in prokaryotes?
None
What is the key role of the plasma membrane?
to determine what comes in and out of the cell
What is the main function of the plasma membrane?
to determine what comes in and out of a cell
What is the source of energy on Earth for all organisma?
The sun
What order of biomolecules do cells use for cellular respiration?
Carbohydrates, then lipids, then proteins
Name 4 components of a prokaryotic cell.
plasma membrane, capsule, DNA strand, plastids, cytoplasm, ribosomes, flagella
What is the role of the mitochondria?
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Passive transport goes from high concentration into low concentration and takes no cellular energy.
Active transport goes from low into high concentration and takes cellular energy.
How do different organisms obtain food?
Organisms with chlorophyll make it through photosynthesis (phototrophic).
Organisms without chlorophyll eat the products made by organisms with chlorophyll (heterotrophic).
What 3 things go into photosynthesis in order for glucose to be produced?
Water, carbon dioxide, and energy in the form of sunlight
What organisms have prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria
What is the role of the Golgi body (Golgi apparatus)?
Finish folding proteins
What is the definition of osmosis?
water transported across a membrane
What two locations are key in cellular respiration? What process does each perform?
Cytoplasm - glycolysis
Mitochondria - Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle)
What 3 things are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen and energy in the form of chemical bonds
What organisms have eukaryotic cells?
Everything except bacteria
What is the role of the nucleolus?
makes ribosomes
What is phagocytosis?
Cell eating -- the process of the membrane pulling in nutrients
What is the importance of oxygen in cellular respiration?
Oxygen is essential for the mitochondria to complete breaking down glucose.
What 3 things go into cellular respiration?
glucose, oxygen, and energy in the form of chemical bonds
Name 3 things present in a plant cell not present in an animal cell.
chloroplasts, a cell wall, a large central vacuole
What is the role of the ribosomes?
Help link amino acids to make protein
What is the difference between exocytosis and endocytosis?
Exocytosis is the membrane making vesicles to excrete.
Endocytosis is the membrane making vesicles of substances outside the cell to pull into the cell.
What molecule is used to store cellular energy at the end of cellular respiration?
ATP
What happens in cellular respiration in muscles if oxygen is not present?
The body makes lactic acid.