Taxonomy
What is the correct way to write a scientific name?
Genus capitalized, species lower case, whole name in italics or underlined
What is a very effective way to treat a bacterial infection?
antibiotics
Give two distinguishing characteristics of protists.
They are mostly single-celled and mostly are aquatic.
What are the two main groups into which animals are divided?
invertebrates and vertebrates
What are the three main groups with Phylum Mollusca?
Cephalopods, bivalves, and gastropods
Name the 3 domains.
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
How do members of Domain Archaea differ from members of Domain Bacteria? Name two ways.
Members of Archaea are often extremophiles and are not know to cause any diseases.
Why are diatoms so important to to ecosystem?
They produce much of the oxygen on Earth.
Name five characteristics that all members of the Kingdom Animalia have.
eukaryotic, heterotrophic, multicellular, have sexual reproduction, and are motile at some point
What do all the members of Phylum Arthropoda have?
jointed legs
How do scientists distinguish whether two closely related animals are the same species?
Whether or not they can have fertile offspring (they can have offspring that can also have offspring)
What are endospores, and why is knowing about them important?
a bacterium that has become dormant and formed a hard shell. They are very hard to kill.
What are the three main groups into which protists are divided?
Animal-like, plant-like, and fungus-like
What kind of organization do members of Phylum Porifera have?
Specialized cells only
What three subphyla within Phylum Arthropoda did we study?
Arachnids
Insects
Crustaceans
Name the eight levels of taxonomy in order.
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is a gram stain, and how is it useful?
A way of staining bacteria to identify the bacteria and know how to treat it.
What organism was responsible for the Irish Potato Famine?
a water mold
What are the two body types of members of Phylum Cnidaria?
Medusa and hydra
How many species of spiders are there in Texas, and how many of these are dangerous?
900 in Texas, 2 are dangerous
Name 4 things scientists use to classify organisms.
body structure, life cycle, behavior, interactions with other organisms, DNA
Name 5 ways that bacteria are useful.
Making vitamins in our intestinal tract, aiding in digestion, breaking down organic material, cleaning up oil spills, producing vaccines, making antibiotics and enzymes, processing foods, fighting off more dangerous bacteria
Name three diseases caused by protists.
malaria, African Sleeping Sickness, amoebic dysentery, giardiasis
To what phylum do the following organisms belong? sea star, sea urchin, sea cucumber, and sand dollar
Echinodermata
How do the bodies of insects and spiders differ?
Insects - 3 body segments, one pair of antennae, 6 legs
Spiders - 2 body segments, no antennae, 8 legs