Weathering
What are 2 types o of weathering?
Two types of weathering are chemical and physical weathering
What is erosion?
Erosion is the carrying away or moving rocks and sediment to a new location
Define soil.
What is deposition?
Deposition is when rocks and sediment are dropped or deposited in a new place.
What is the important factor in formation of soil?
The important factor in formation of soil is parent material such as rock.
What is an example of physical weathering?
Examples of physical weathering is weathering from water, wind, ice, or living things.
What is an example of wind erosion
Wind blowing sand from a sand dune to another location is an example of wind erosion.
What is helpful about clay?
Clay retains nutriuents and water.
How long might it take for a grain of sand to be transported from the Sahara Desert to South America.
If the grain of sand becomes trapped in sediments along the way, it could take thousands of years.
Define soil conservation.
Soil conservation is prevention of erosion or degradation of soil.
What is an example of chemical weathering?
Acid rain is an example of chemical weathering.
Erosion can be caused by what 3 kinds of weathering?
Erosion can be caused by wind, ice, water.
In what classifications are the loose mineral grains of soil organized?
Loose mineral grains can be categorized in sand, silt and soil.
What pulls pieces of rock or sediment down to a new location on the earth.
Gravity pulls pieces of rock or sediment down to a new location.
What is desertification?
Land that used to be productive becomes desert-like because of improper use.
What is the correct order of the 3 parts of the erosion cycle?
Erosion occurs in this order:
Weathering is followed by erosion which is followed by deposition.
What causes rills and gullies?
When the ground becomes soaked, water flows over the surface and concentrates in narrow channels or cuts in the ground.
What is bad about too much clay in soil?
What is bad about too little clay in soil?
Too much clay makes it difficult for roots to penetrate and organisms to move.
Too little clay prevents soil from retaining nutrients and water.
Where might sediment be trapped on its journey?
Sediments might be trapped on sand or gravel deposits.
List and explain the four methods of soil conservation.
Contour planting is planting in curved rows which force water to flow sideways.
Windbreaks are rows of trees to reduce wind.
No-till agriculture is when plants from previous season are left to prevent water loss.
Crop rotation is growth of multiple crops in the same field to protect and provide nutrients.
What is differential weathering?
Differential weathering is the different rates on different types of rocks due to mineral content, fractures, and climate.
Why is it important for us to learn about how weathering and erosion happen
Knowing about weathering and erosion can help us learn how to prevent erosion by planting on hills and on the banks of rivers
What is a soil profile?
List the horizons
A soil profile is a vertical slice through soil horizons.
O is decayed organic material (leaves, dead stuff)
A is mineral matter plus humus
B is rich in iron, clay, and carbonate ions from A
C is rock
A town planted grass and trees around a hill. What part of the erosion cycle were they trying to stop: erosion or deposition?
They were trying to stop erosion.