Typography
What is a serif?
A serif refers to the "feet" or extending pieces of a letter in certain types of typefaces.
What is a pixel?
A small square of color. It is the smallest unit of measurement in a raster graphic.
Which common file type used in Graphic Design is capable of supporting animation?
GIF
Define Public Domain.
Public domain refers to creative work that is not covered by any form of IP rights.
As a general rule of thumb, copyright protection expires 70 years after the copyright holder’s death
Name at least FIVE elements of design (There are seven in all):
Line, Shape, Space, Form, Value, Color, Texture,
Who invented the first Western printing press?
500 BONUS POINTS FOR REMEMBERING THE YEAR IT WAS INVENTED
Johannes Gutenberg in 1440
What is the difference between a Typeface and a Font?
A Typeface is a collection of glyphs (letters) that share a certain aesthetic quality.
A Font is a sub-category of a typeface that has specific style, weight, or size.
(For example: Helvetica is a typeface. 12 pt. semi-bold Helvetica is a font.)
Define the following acronyms:
PPI
DPI
When would you switch from using PPI to DPI?
PPI: Pixels Per Inch
DPI: Dots Per Inch
What is the most commonly known as best file type for printing BOTH raster and vector graphics?
Define Intellectual Property.
Intellectual property is defined as any original form of creative work that someone makes. This can range from a drawing, to a photograph, to a website design, and everything in between.
Define the three following terms related to color:
Hue
Saturation
Value
Hue: The name of a color. (Ex. Red, Blue, Yellow)
Saturation: Describes the intensity of a hue (color)
Value: Refers to the level of lightness or darkness of a hue
What is the difference between Art and Design?
Art is the expression of what is beautiful or appealing based on personal taste. Design is the development of visual graphics with the intention of communicating a message.
Organize the following typography terms based on importance. Then, define each term.
Body Copy
Header
Subheader
1. Header
2. Subheader
3. Body Copy
Header: The most important piece of text within a design. Often used for titles or names.
Subheader: The secondary most important pieces of text in a design. They provide additional context to the Header.
Body Copy: The main “meat and potatoes” text of any design. Provides details and additional information.
What is the best default PPI setting to use for a design that is going to be used digitally?
72 PPI
What are TWO differences between a JPG and a PNG file?
Both files are raster file types. However:
JPGs have a smaller file size than PNGs
PNGs support transparency options; JPGs do not.
PNGs use lossless file compression, JPGs use lossy file compression.
Define Creative Commons.
A legal license that enables free distribution of otherwise copyrighted material.
***Note: Creative Commons are granted to the public by the Copyright Holder. They include certain stipulations, like proper credit given to the creator.
Name at least FIVE Principles of Design (There are seven in all):
Emphasis, Contrast, Balance, Movement, Repetition, Proportion, White Space,
What is a Target Audience in terms of Graphic Design?
The main group of people that will be most likely to buy or interact with the company’s products/services/design work.
Target audiences can be defined by many factors, such as geographic location, age, and personal preferences/hobbies.
What is a defining visible difference between an Old Style Serif Typeface and a Transitional Serif Typeface?
Old Style Serifs are the oldest type of serif typeface. They can be recognized by the diagonal stress on the "O".
Transitional Typefaces are the most common type of serif typeface. They do not have a diagonal stress on the "O"
What is the difference between resolution and pixel density?
Resolution refers to the total number of pixels in an image.
Pixel Density refers to how many pixels there are per square inch.
Besides an AI file, provide another example of a generic vector file format.
SVG
Identify and describe one type of Creative Commons conditions. (There are four in all besides forfeited public domain)
1. Give Credit: Credit must be given to the original creator
2. Same Commons Apply: Even if you adapt the work, you must apply the same CC terms to the adapted work
3. No Adaptations!: No adaptions of the work are permitted.
4. Non-Commercial Use: Only non-commercial use of the work is permitted
Define Visual Hierarchy.
Visual hierarchy is the organization of graphic
elements within a design based on order of
importance.
Define the term "UX".
UX refers to the process of improving user experience and satisfaction through usability and accessibility of a product or design.
Define the following typographic anatomy terms, and describe the difference between the two:
- Ascender
-Descender
Ascender: The part of certain lowercase letters that extend ABOVE the X-Height in a typeface. (Ex: b, d)
Descender: The part of certain lowercase letters that extend BELOW the baseline in a typeface. (Ex. p, y, g)
What is the difference between resizing an image, and resampling an image?
Resizing an image does not change the number of pixels in an image- it just scales them up or down.
Resampling an image artificially changes the number of pixels in an image based on the pixels that are already present.
Describe the difference between lossy and lossless file compression.
Lossy File Compression: This form of compression gathers data that is similar, and rewrites that information every time it is compressed. When expanded, original data is lost and new data is displayed, which decreases the quality of the image overtime.
Lossless File Compression: This form of data compression is an algorithm that looks for redundancy in data. When expanded, data is remembered and no information is lost or changed, therefore, the image quality stays the same.
Define Fair Use, then provide the four following circumstances that may qualify as grounds for Fair Use.
Fair Use refers to specific circumstances in which the public can use copyrighted works in limited amounts without asking for permission from the copyright holder.
The four specific circumstances that qualify are:
Educational Purposes
News Reporting/Press
Criticism/Commentary
Parody, or some other way that completely transforms the message of the copyrighted work.
What is the Rule of Thirds in terms of compositional technique?
Dividing an image into thirds both horizontally and vertically, then placing the subject on an intersection point.
Describe what a professional portfolio is used for in Graphic Design. Then, name at least THREE types of professional portfolios.
A portfolio is a collection of creative work that is used to display your skill and style to potential employers or clients.
- PDF Portfolio
- Website Portfolio
- Social Media Portfolio
- Bound (Physical) Portfolio