buffers
Acidity
thermochemistry
solubility
acids/bases equilibria
100
T/F: A buffer changes the pH slightly, thus we want a small concentration of the buffer
False
100
the dissociation of an acid is influenced by two factors: 
bond strength 

bond polarity 

100
A spontaneous reaction often has what type of heat change, but not always true
exothermic 
100
the equilibrium constant for slightly soluble ionic compounds in water
Ksp
100
a substance with a proton donor is called
acid 
200
Name a potential buffer
any weak acid conjugate pair
200

What is likely pH of buffer between these option: 1.6 x 10 -5, 1.6 x 10 -7 , or 1.6 x 10 -9

1.6 x 10 -9

200
For a spontaneous endothermic the particles have more/less freedom of motion? 
more freedom
200

What is the Ksp expression for MgCO3 (s)

[Mg 2+][CO3 2-]

200

As the concentration of [H+] increases, pH...

decreases 
300

Calculate the pH of a buffer with .50 H2S and .50 HS-, the Pka is 4.7.  

4.7 
300
what is the relationship between bond strength and acid strength 
greater the bond strength, weaker the acid (HF) 
300
When the surroundings must continuously supply energy for a change to occur, we call this..
nonspontaneous 
300

What is the Ksp expression K2O in water? 

[K+]2[OH-]2

300

Ammonia has a pH of 11.5, calculate the [H+]. 

3.16 x 10 -12

400
What creates a higher buffer capacity? 
high concentration of buffer components 
400
For oxoacids with the same central element but different # of oxygen atoms--how do we determine acid strength? 
number of O atoms 
400
How can we predict the direction of spontaneity? 
comparing Q and K 
400
If Q is less than K...what type of preciptate will form? 
none, the solution is unsaturated and no precipitate will form 
400

We have two bases. Base X Pka of 9 and base Y has  a Kb of 1.6 x 10 -9. which is more acidic? 

base Y 
500
T/F: buffers have a usable range within +/- 3 pH units of the Pka of the acid component 
false 
500
The salt NaCl was formed. The cation of the strong base yields what type of solution? 
neutral 
500
What is temperature's relationship with entropy?  
T increases, disorder increases 
500

Consider the reaction:Co(NO3)2, we add some Iron nitrate to the solution, in which direction will the rxn proceed?


to the left
500

Chemists are looking at the dissociation of H3PO4 and its ionizable protons. They notice that the difficulty of dissociation decreases between each proton dissociation and the Ka value is larger. 

T/F:  

False. 
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