Neonatal
This maternal blood type has the potential to put the child at risk for ABO incompatability
What is a mother with type O blood
The first blood pressure medicine entered the market at this time
When is 1957, thiazides entered the market. Medications like reserpine and hydralazine were available in the early 1950's
This type of vaccine uses a weakened form of a pathogen to produce a strong, durable immune response.
What is a live attenuated vaccine?
A preliminary medical or evaluative procedure used to check for a disease, administered to healthy or high-risk individuals who do not show any signs or symptoms
What is a screening test
Before germ theory was accepted, this Hungarian physician dramatically reduced puerperal fever by requiring physicians to wash their hands with chlorinated lime solution.
Who is Ignaz Semmelweis?
Approximately how many disease are tested for in a newborn screening in the state of CT
What is over 60 different genetic, matabolic and functional disorders
Syncope during exercise is a particularly concerning clue for this potentially life-threatening cardiac cause of syncope in young people.
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Unlike live vaccines, these vaccines contain organisms that have been killed or components of the organism rather than a replicating pathogen.
What are inactivated/non-live vaccines?
A screening test with this characteristic is particularly useful when the goal is to minimize false-negative results.
What is high sensitivity?
This physician used epidemiologic studies to demonstrate that contaminated water—not “bad air”—was responsible for London's cholera outbreak.
Who is John Snow?
An asymptomatic woman on labor and delivery is screened for gonorrhea under these circumstances.
What is when a mother refused routine erythromycin eye ointment
A patient with hypotension, elevated JVP, and muffled heart sounds has this classic triad associated with a large pericardial effusion causing impaired cardiac filling.
What is cardiac tamponade?
This vaccine is particularly important in infancy because the disease it prevents can cause epiglottitis, meningitis, and other invasive infections.
What is Hib vaccine?
A highly specific test produces relatively few false-positive results, making this mnemonic useful: “SpPin.
What is high specificity?
This physician and epidemiologist studied pellagra in the American South and demonstrated that the disease was related to diet, helping establish nutritional epidemiology.
Who is Joseph Goldberger?
Delayed cord clamping should be done for this amount of time.
What is at least 30-60 seconds
This organism is classically associated with subacute endocarditis involving previously abnormal valves and can be part of the normal oral flora.
What is viridans group Streptococcus?
This national surveillance system, jointly managed by CDC and FDA, collects reports of health problems occurring after vaccination to look for potential vaccine safety signals.
What is VAERS — the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System?
A screening program appears to increase the time between diagnosis and death without actually improving how long patients live. This is the classic example of this type of bia
What is lead-time bias?
This physician developed the first widely used scoring system for rapidly assessing a newborn's condition immediately after birth.
Who is Virginia Apgar?
These newborns routinely undergo glucose testing
What is : Infants of DM mothers, late preterm infants (under 37 weeks), SGA, LGA, symptomatic infants
What two extremities are used for pulse oximetry screening?
Right hand (pre-ductal)
One foot (post-ductal)
These types of vaccines are contraindicated in pregnant women
Live attenuated viruses
A 55-year-old has a positive screening test but no symptoms. Before labeling the patient as having the disease, this next step is generally needed.
What is diagnostic evaluation/confirmatory testing?
This physician's work with Richard Doll provided some of the strongest early evidence linking cigarette smoking with lung cancer.
Who is Austin Bradford Hill?
A newborn who fails a hearing screen should be evaluated for this ailment
What is congenital CMV
Pulse oximetry screening can detect many forms of critical congenital heart disease, but this important group of lesions may be missed because they do not necessarily cause significant hypoxemia
What are left-sided obstructive lesions, such as coarctation of the aorta, aortic valve stenosis, or mild or acyanotic defects ( mild/small VSD/ASD/PDA)?
This CDC document provides patients with information about the benefits and risks of certain vaccines and generally must be provided before each dose of covered vaccines.
What is a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS)?
For a screening program to provide meaningful benefit, detecting a disease earlier should ultimately lead to this—not merely earlier diagnosis.
What is improved health outcomes/reduced morbidity or mortality?
Michigan, 1911: This road commissioner is credited by Michigan with conceiving the first painted centerline, separating traffic traveling in opposite directions to improve road safety.
Who is Edward N. Hines?
Bleeding- called Vitamin K deficiency bleeding(VKDB). Babies should not have circumcision. Classic VKDB occurs between 2 days- 1 week with bleeding from nose, umbilical cord or circumcision site. Late onset develops between 2 weeks and 6 months. This form carries a high risk of sudden severe intracranial hemorrhage
This valvular lesion classically produces a harsh crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur that radiates to the carotids.
What is aortic stenosis?
Created in 1986, this no-fault federal program provides an alternative to traditional lawsuits for people who believe they have suffered a serious injury from certain vaccines. Claimants must first go through this program before pursuing a lawsuit against a manufacturer or vaccine administrator. It is funded by a $0.75 federal excise tax per vaccine dose—for example, $2.25 for an MMR dose because it protects against three diseases
What is the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP)
The NCAA requires all student-athletes across Divisions I, II, and III to document this.
What is their sickle cell trait status through a sickle cell solubility test (SST)
California, 1917: After being nearly forced off the road by a truck, this physician independently advocated painting a line down the center of the highway for safety.
Who is Dr. June McCarroll?