f
The component in a solution that is commonly present in the larger amount is called the:
a. Solute b. Solvent c. Solubility d. Solution
b. Solvent
Which factor increases the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?
a. Decreasing temperature
b. Stirring the mixture
c. Using a larger container
d. Adding more solute
b. Stirring the mixture
A bottle of soda fizzes more when opened at room temperature than when cold. What explains this?
a. Solubility of sugar decreases at low temperature
b. Pressure inside the bottle is higher when cold
c. Solubility of CO₂ decreases with temperature increase
d. Temperature has no effect on gases
c. Solubility of CO₂ decreases with temperature increase
Which of the following conditions will result in the highest solubility of a gas in water?
a. High temperature, low pressure
b. Low temperature, low pressure
c. Low temperature, high pressure
d. High temperature, high pressure
c. Low temperature, high pressure
Which of the following solutions is unstable and can easily crystallize?
a. Saturated
b. Supersaturated
c. Unsaturated
d. Dilute
b. Supersaturated
Which method separates mixtures based on particle size?
a. Sieving
c. Filtration
b. Chromatography
d. Crystallization
a. Sieving
What separation technique is used to separate ethanol in water?
a. Filtration
c. Decantation
b. Evaporation
d. Distillation
d. Distillation
Which of the following best describes dilution?
a. Increasing the amount of solute in a particular solution
b. Evaporating the solvent from the solution
c. Increasing the solvent to decrease concentration
d. Separating solute from solvent
c. Increasing the solvent to decrease concentration
A student says that milk is a homogeneous mixture. Why might this classification be debated?
a. Milk is seen to have only 1 phase
b. Milk can disperse light
c. Milk contains only water and fat.
d. The fats in milk are dissolved chemically in water.
b. Milk can disperse light
Which of the following is NOT a correct comparison of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?
a. Homogeneous mixtures have uniform composition; heterogeneous do not.
b. All solutions are homogeneous mixtures.
c. You can always use the naked eye to distinguish heterogeneous mixtures.
d. Filtration is typically used to separate components of heterogeneous mixtures.
c. You can always use the naked eye to distinguish heterogeneous mixtures.
Which of the following best defines molarity (M)?
a. Mass of solute per volume of solvent
b. Moles of solute per liter of solution
c. Grams of solute per kilogram of solvent
d. Volume of solute per volume of solvent
b. Moles of solute per liter of solution
Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a. Mayonnaise
c. Vinegar
b. Milk
d. Whipped cream
c. Vinegar
A sugar cube dissolves more slowly in water than powdered sugar because:
a. Powdered sugar is a nonpolar molecule
b. The sugar cube is less dense
c. Powdered sugar has greater surface area
d. Water does not dissolve sugar cubes
c. Powdered sugar has greater surface area
A medical laboratory needs to separate plasma from blood cells for testing. What equipment should they use?
a. Filtration
c. Centrifuge
b. Evaporation
d. Separating funnel
c. Centrifuge
A solution is made by 30 mL of ethanol with 70 mL of water. What is the % by volume of ethanol in the solution?
a. 30%
b. 43%
c. 70%
d. 100%
a. 30%
What is the mass of solute in a 15% NaCl solution weighing 200 g?
a. 30 g
b. 25 g
c. 15 g
d. 20 g
a. 30 g
Which of the following has the highest percent by mass of solute?
a. 5 g salt in 100 g water
b. 10 g sugar in 200 g water
c. 15 g salt in 100 g water
d. 20 g sugar in 300 g water
c. 15 g salt in 100 g water
What is the mole fraction of ethanol in a solution containing 1 mol ethanol and 4 mol water?
a. 0.25
b. 0.50
c. 0.20
d. 0.80
c. 0.20
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 2 moles of NaOH in 1 liter of solution?
a. 1 M
b. 0.5 M
c. 2 M
d. 4 M
c. 2 M
How many moles of NaCl are present in 500 g of water if the molality is 2.0 mol/kg?
a. 1 mol
b. 0.5 mol
c. 2 mol
d. 0.25 mol
a. 1 mol
What is the final concentration of a solution when 25 L of 4 M NaOH is diluted to 50 L?
a. 1 M
b. 2 M
c. 0.25 M
d. 0.5 M
b. 2 M
A 15 kg ice cube at 0°C is left to melt completely. If the heat of fusion of ice is 334 J/g, how much heat is needed to melt the ice?
Q=5,010,000 J
A metal sample absorbs 15,000 J of heat as it warms from 40°C to 90°C. If its specific heat is 0.50 J/g°C, what is the mass of the metal?
m= 600 g
A 300 g object absorbs 9,000 J of heat and its temperature increases from 60°F to 80°C. What is its specific heat capacity?
c= 0.47 J/g°C
A 250 g copper block with a specific heat of 0.385 J/g°C absorbs 4,812.5 J of heat. If its initial temperature was 20°C, what is its final temperature in Kelvin?
Final T= 343.15 K