G
Where does an organism get its unique characteristics?
Its parents
What is heredity?
The passage of genetic instructions (traits) from parent to offspring.
A heterozygous genotype has...
One capital and one lowercase letter
Some genes that can be hidden or covered up are called
Recessive
What is Mendel's Principle of Dominance?
Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
Where are genes/alleles located?
On chromosomes in the nucleus
Who first studied heredity and the passage of traits from one generation to the next?
Gregor Mendel
When choosing a letter for a genotype, pick the letter of the _____ trait.
Dominant
What is the Punnett square used for?
To determine the probability of passing on traits
In apples, green fruit color is dominant over red fruit color. What are the genotypes of one heterozygous green apple and one red apple?
Gg, gg
What is an allele?
A form of a gene
What type of organism did Gregor Mendel use to first study heredity?
Pea Plants
What is wrong with the following genotype?
wW
Capital letter comes first
A black cat (BB) is crossed with another black cat (BB). What percentage of offspring will be black?
100%
Why does a Punnet Square use capital and lowercase letters?
Capital = Dominant Trait
Lower Case = Recessive Trait
Put the following words into matching pairs:
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Hybrid
Purebred
Homozygous = purebred
Heterozygous = hybrid
The physical trait observed in an offspring is known as it's -
Phenotype
When only one copy of a gene is needed to show a trait, these genes are referred to as...
Dominant
Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive (d). Both parents are heterozygous. What percentage of the children will NOT have dimples?
25%
Rachel and Ron think that they have been given the wrong baby when they leave the hospital. Ron is hybrid for his curly hair, which is dominant to straight hair. Rachel is purebred for her curly hair. The baby they have in their possession has straight hair. Is it possible that the baby is theirs? Why?
No
What do we call the genetic make up of the individual, represented by two letters?
Genotype
What is the difference between homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive
Homozygous dominant = two capital letters (dominant trait)
Homozygous recessive = two lowercase letters (recessive trait)
Purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. What are the possible genotypes AND phenotypes of the offspring of two homozygous recessive flowers?
100% pp, white
Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait and the other homozygous recessive, what is the genotype of the offspring?
Ee
Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark and one is white. What does this tell you about the parents' genes for fur color?
Dark brown is dominant and white fur is recessive.
Both parents are heterozygous.