Gene Expression
What is the promoter?
Area where general transcription factors and RNA polymerase bind.
Function of RNA Polymerase
Binds to the promoter, needs to be activated by an activator, connects complementary RNA bases to the DNA to make mRNA.
WAY 1
By directly blocking RNA polymerase binding to the promoter region
Function of general transcription factors?
They bind to the promoter region of the gene, facilitating the binding of RNA polymerase enzyme to the promoter.
What is a TATA box?
A regulatory sequence in the promoter region of DNA that signals the start of transcription - where a genetic sequence can be read and decoded - typically read as TATAAA
WAY 2
By recruiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) to condense chromatin
What is the activator?
Type of transcription factor that activates RNA polymerase.
WAY 3
By interfering with the activity of other transcription factors
What is the regulatory region?
Region found before the promoter region and is where the activator binds to.
What is the enhancer region?
A DNA sequence that increases the likelihood that a particular gene will be transcribed