the process that involves moving charged particles via an electrical field across an agarose gel
What is electrophoresis?
100
the process of manipulating or changing genes
What is genetic engineering?
100
this is currently being put into either the diet of animals or into the animals themselves in order to improve/modify production of meat, milk, offspring, etc.
What are hormones?
100
a doctor could use this to insert a healthy gene into a patient who has a defective or abnormal gene
What is gene therapy?
100
took 10 years to map out every gene on each chromosome int the human body
What is the Human Genome Project (HGP)?
200
Name 2 ways that DNA fingerprinting is used in society.
Identifying individuals, paternity/maternity cases, how closely people are related to one another, crime scene investigation
200
the first step of GE
Cutting the DNA
200
Name 2 favorable characteristics that scientists have been able to GE into plants/crops
better nutritional value, grow at a faster rate, resistant to drought, flood, insects, insecticides, pesticides, etc.
200
Name the 2 types of stem cells
adult and embryonic
200
What does SCNT stand for?
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer
300
this is poured over the agarose gel to maintain a constant pH and help carry the electrical current
What is a buffer?
300
the 2nd step involved in GE
making the recombinant DNA; this step combines the gene of interest with the DNA from the vector
300
the most commonly used vector in genetically engineered plants
What is a Ti plasmid?
300
this has become a "norm" in society to receive for it has done a great job at protecting people from viral infection; it "trains" the body to be prepared for potential "invaders" by developing antibodies
What is a vaccine?
300
any cell in the mammalian body except gametes
somatic cell
400
Because DNA has an overall ___________ charge, during electrophoresis, it moves towards the _________ or ________ end of the tank.
1.) negative, 2.) anode, 3.) positive
400
this was discussed during the gene splicing activity. DNA _______ is used to piece together or "glue" the gene of interest and the DNA of the vector together
What is DNA ligase?
400
the growth hormone discussed in class that can increase a cow's milk production by 10-15%
What is rBGH hormone?
400
During SCNT, the nucleus of the animal that is being cloned and the enucleated egg of another individual is fused together by _____________.
What is electric shock?
400
A type of cell with a specific function is called a _______________ cell. A type of cell that could potentially have a specific function is called a ______ cell.
1.) Differentiated, 2.) stem
500
Before DNA is put into the __________ ________ it must be cut into small and large fragments using _________ ____________. These small and large fragments are also called _________.
A ________ is a circular ring of DNA that can be found in bacteria. This is an example of a ________ because it carries the gene of interest into another cell.
1.) plasmid, 2.) vector
500
a company discussed in class that does NOT use the rBGH hormone in their products
What is Ben and Jerry's?
500
During the last step of SCNT, the embryo is placed into a ___________ mother and starts to develop.
What is a surrogate mother?
500
the study of controversial morals in areas of science/medicine