The process of manipulating genes for practical purposes.
What is genetic engineering
100
Scientists added genes to this food to produce a pest-resistant strain of this crop.
What is corn
100
Animals that have foreign DNA in their cells.
What are transgenic animals.
100
This physician and this mathematician are responsible for the idea that gene frequencies remain constant provided 5 conditions are met.
Who are Hardy and Weinberg.
100
This type of selection is performed by humans and does not always lead to the best fit organisms.
What is artificial selection?
200
DNA made from two or more different organisms.
Recombinant DNA
200
Golden Rice and Bt corn is an example of these
What are Generically Modified Crops (GM crops)
200
This technique separates DNA fragments in order to diagnose genetic diseases or determine the source of DNA.
What is gel electrophoresis.
200
The 5 conditions necessary for genetic equilibrium
What is
1) Large Population
2) Random Mating
3) No Natural Selection
4) No Mutation
5) No Migration
200
The Amish community in Lancaster PA is an example of reproduction isolation. This violates which requirement of genetic equilibrium.
What is random mating.
300
Circular DNA molecules that can replicate independently of the main chromosomes of bacteria
What are Plasmids
300
This organism was the first to be cloned using nuclear transfer
Who is Dolly (the sheep)
300
The areas of DNA that vary between humans.
What are minisatellites.
300
If there are 100 individuals in a population and 75% have Hitchhiker's thumb (H) and 25% have straight thumb (t), this would be the frequency of the recessive allele.
What is 0.5 or 50%.
300
Upheaval in the environment may cause a drastic decrease of alleles in a population.
What is a population bottleneck
400
bacterial enzymes that recognize and bind to specific short sequences of DNA, and then cut the DNA between specific nucleotides within the sequence.
What are Restriction Enzymes
400
Why is it necessary to enuculeate an egg cell used in nuclear transfer?
To prevent a triploid zygote
400
This type of gene therapy is not heritable.
What is somatic gene therapy
400
Changes in allele frequency over a number of generations leads to this.
What is microevolution?
400
This type of natural selection would favor individuals who fall into the middle of the phenotypic spectrum.
What is stabilizing selection.
500
An agent used to carry the gene of interest into another cell.
What is a vector
500
Which initiative used all the genetic technologies discussed in this class to sequence all the DNA in a human.
Human Genome Project
500
This field of genetics that focuses on how environmental changes can turn genes on and off.
What is epigenetics
500
This mathematical expression would represent all of the individuals with a dominant PHENOTYPE in a population.
What is p2 + 2pq
500
This technique fuses halves of the DNA ladder for a certain gene to determine how closely related species may be.