definitions
Energy associated with the random motion of atoms
Kinetic energy
A chemical reaction that releases energy through light or heat.
Exothermic Reaction
Atoms, ions and molecules can react to form products when they collide if the particles have enough kinetic energy
Collision Theory
True or False.
Temperature is directly proportional to entropy.
True
What is the work done by a system when it absorbs 53J of heat and gain 20J of energy?
-23 J
A type of system that allows transfer of energy but not mass
Closed System
How do we compute for the internal energy of a system?
internal energy is equal to heat absorbed/released by the system and the work done on it
It slows down or prevents a particular reaction
Inhibitors
Measure of disorder of a system or molecular randomness
Entropy
How much heat is absorbed by liquid water that weighs 510 grams as it is heated from 26oC to 65oC?
83,140.2 J
The process of measuring the amount of heat released or absorbed between a system and its surrounding.
Calorimetry
A chemical reaction wherein heat flows from the surrounding to the system.
Endothermic reaction
What do you call the species being consumed in the elementary steps?
Intermediates
Also known as Natural Process.
Spontaneous process
Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to decompose 2.24 mol NaHCO3(s)
2 NaHCO3(s) + 85 kJ --> Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
95 kJ
Area of chemistry concerned with the speeds, or rates, at which a chemical reaction occurs
Chemical Kinetics
What is the value of work if work is done on the system? Positive or negative?
Positive
Which order of reaction directly affects the rate of reaction?
First Order Reaction
What is the final unit for entropy of a reaction?
J/K or Joules pre Kelvin
Suppose that, at a particular moment during the reaction, CH4 is reacting at the rate of 0.020 M/s. At What rate is CCl4 being formed?
CH4 + 4Cl2 --> CCl4 + 4 HCl
0.020 M/s
A perfectly ordered pure crystalline at zero Kelvin will have zero entropy.
Third Law of Thermodynamics
What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state?
Energy can be converted from one form to another, but cannot be created nor destroyed.
Minimum energy that colliding particles must have in order to react
Activation Energy
A thermodynamic quantity that relate entropy and enthalpy.
Gibbs Free Energy
A 12.0-gram metal sample absorbed 151 J of heat as it was heated from 24oC to 70oC. What is the specific heat of the metal?
0.274 J/goC