Based on the belief that psychology should investigate the purpose of consciousness.
What is functionalism?
100
This theoretical orientation emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth.
What is humanism?
100
The first applied area of psychology to gain prominence, and, today is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders.
What is cognitive psychology?
100
The science that studies behavior and the physiological and cognitive processes that underlie behavior and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems.
What is psychology?
200
Philosophy and physiology
What are the disciplines from which psychology arose?
200
These are the two Greek roots that were put together to define this discipline, the first meaning "soul" and the next meaning "study of a subject".
What is "psyche" and "logos"?
200
The two most prominent founders of the humanistic movement.
Who are Abraham Maslow and Carol Rogers?
200
This world event changed the roles of psychologists so that many academic psychologists were pressed into service as clinicians.
What is World War II?
200
The six theoretical perspectives in psychology.
What is behavioral, psychoanalytic, humanistic, cognitive, biological, and evolutionary?
300
Based on the notion that the task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic elements and investigate how these elements are related.
What is structuralism?
300
In the early 1900's, this person founded the theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior.
Who is John B. Watson?
300
This early psychologist gave us this fundamental principle of behavior: Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes, and they tend not to repeat responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes.
Who is B.F. Skinner?
300
The mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge.
What is cognition?
300
The nine major areas of research in contemporary psychology.
What is developmental, social, educational, health, physiological, experimental, cognitive, psychometrics, and personality?
400
He attempted to explain personality, motivation, and mental disorders by focusing on unconscious determinants of behavior.
Who is Signumd Freud?
400
Any overt (observable) response or activity by an organism.
What is behavior?
400
This early psychologist totally discounted the importance of heredity and believed that behavior is governed entirely by the environment.
Who is John B. Watson?
400
Advocates of this perspective maintain that much of human and animal behavior can be explained in terms of the bodily structures and biochemical processes that allow organisms to behave. Also, the renewed interest in this represented a return to psychology's heritage.
What is biological psychology?
400
The second most popular undergraduate major.
What is psychology?
500
Freud said that this contained thoughts, memories, and desires that are well below the surface of conscious awareness but that nonetheless exert great influence on behavior.
What is the unconscious?
500
This person concluded that "free will is an illusion" and that people are under the control of their environment.
Whos is B.F. Skinner?
500
This early psychologist believed that psychology should be a science modeled after fields such as physics and chemistry.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
500
This perspective examines behavioral processes in terms of their adaptive value for members of a species over the course of many generations.
What is evolutionary psychology?
500
Purposeful, reasoned, goal-directed thinking that involves solving problems, formulating inferences, working with probabilities, and making carefully thought-out decisions.