Respiration Station
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
To obtain usable energy for the cell
What is Mitosis?
Cellular Division
What part of the tree anchors it into the soil and absorbs water and minerals?
The Roots
What two things are compared when calculating a cell's surface-area-to-volume ratio?
The cells surface area and volume
Which part of a seed develops into the new plant?
The Embryo
What is the most amount of ATP that can be produced during anaerobic cellular respiration?
2 ATP
When ATP loses a phosphate group, it becomes what?
ADP
Fill in the blank:
Xylem takes water and minerals from the ______ towards the _____
Roots; Leaves
A plant cells cell wall is primarily made up of what?
Cellulose
Which biomolecule is made of amino acids?
Proteins
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes?
Aerobic processes require oxygen; anaerobic processes do not.
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
What is the function of the vascular cambium?
A cell stops producing ATP. Name two cellular activities that would be affected.
Active transport, Mitosis, building proteins, or building organelles
Candy is an example of a ...
simple-carbohydrate
Which stage of cellular respiration happens in the cytoplasm?
Glycolysis
A cell uses energy to move substances against their concentration gradient. What is this process called?
Active Transport
What is the formula for Glucose?
C6H12O6
The process where a generic, unspecialized cell changes into a specialized cell with a specific job and shape
Cell Differentiation
What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates, and what is one major function of carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates contain one or a few sugar rings; complex carbohydrates contain 3+ sugar rings. Carbohydrates can provide quick energy and long term energy
A cell has no oxygen available. Which stage can still begin breaking down glucose, and what is the net ATP gain from that stage?
Glycolysis can still occur, producing a net gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule.
What enzyme do hydrogen ions (H⁺) pass through during the electron transport chain to help produce ATP?
ATP synthase
What element does not greatly contribute to the mass of Cellulose and Glucose?
Hydrogen
Two cells have the same amount of glucose available. Cell A is actively dividing, while Cell B is maintaining its current structures. Which cell might need more ATP, and why?
Cell A, because building new cellular material and dividing require additional energy.
A seedling begins growing before it has leaves that can make much food. Which seed structure supplies stored nutrients, and which two biomolecules are especially important for genetic information and long-term energy storage?
The cotyledon supplies stored nutrients. Nucleic acids store genetic information, and lipids are important for long-term energy storage.