Pioneers
Milestones
Gynecology Lap
Urology lap
Complications & Safety
100
First to perform laparoscopic on dog in 1901
Dr. Georg Kelling.
100
First organ removed laparoscopically in general surgery
Gall blader cholecystectomy
100
This disease is commonly treated with lap excision by gynecologists.
Endometriosis.
100
This testicular condition may be explored laparoscopically.
Cryptorchidism (undescended testes).
100
Laparoscopy requires this gas for insufflation.
Carbon dioxide (CO₂
200
First to use laparoscopy in human 1910
Dr. Hans Christian Jacobaeus.
200
Year lap appendectomy becomes standard practice.
1983
200
Lap is preferred over open for this benign ovarian tumor.
Ovarian cysts.
200
This laparoscopic surgery treats vesicoureteral reflux.
Laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation.
200
Common post-lap symptom due to retained CO₂.
Shoulder pain due to phrenic nerve irritation
300
French gynecologist who did first lap cholecystectomy
Dr. Philippe Mouret (1987).
300
First country to approve da Vinci robot for surgery
USD, FDA Approval in 2000
300
This lap procedure helps diagnose infertility.
Diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation.
300
Laparoscopy helps diagnose and treat this cause of hematuria.
Bladder tumors
300
To prevent vessel injury, surgeons use this intra-op tool.
Electrocautery or harmonic scalpel
400
American urologist who did first lap nephrectomy
Dr. Ralph Clayman
400
lap surgery become widely accepted during this decade
1990s
400
Lap treatment for ectopic pregnancy is often done via this approach.
Laparoscopic salpingostomy or salpingectomy.
400
This urologic organ is commonly removed laparoscopically.
Kidney.
400
Risk of hernia increases at this site if closure is poor.
Trocar incision sites.
500
Gynecologist who advanced laparoscopy in infertility
Dr. Kurt Semm.
500
This technique improved visualization during laparoscopic cases
High-definition laparoscopy and 3D imaging.
500
This syndrome is often managed with lap ovarian drilling.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
500
Laparoscopic pyeloplasty is done for this condition.
Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction
500
Safe lap surgery requires this minimum number of trocars.
Three.