?
Using living things or parts of living things to create tools or processes that make our lives easier.
What is biotechnology?
The process of breeding crops with the most desirable traits.
In reproductive cloning, these are the type of cells that are harvested from the donor
What are somatic cells?
The process of using micro-organisms for environmental clean up
bioremediation
Scientists use what genetically modified organism to produce human insulin?
bacteria
Segments of DNA that are responsible for an organism's physical traits.
What are genes?
Genetically Modified
an undifferentiated cell that is capable of becoming any type of cell is a ________
stem cell
What is one benefit of bioremediation?
- does not disrupt ecosystems or community
-inexpensive
-few harmful by products
This controls the number of mRNA molecules that are translated into proteins.
What is RNA interference?
What is the more common name for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)?
DNA Fingerprinting
Transgenic animals are being produced that have higher nutritional value. This is an example of ___________.
Biopharming
Why is the use of stem cells controversial?
the most "useful" stem cells come from embryos
The field that studies sequences of nucleotides in DNA as well as their structure, function, and location.
What is Genomics?
What is Cas-9?
The enzyme that cuts the genes in CRISPER
The resulting DNA when DNA from two (or more) organisms is combined.
What is Recombinant DNA?
How do farmers genetically modify foods so they can use fewer pesticides?
They modify the foods to be pest resistant.
1. What does a restriction enzyme do to DNA?
2. And what other name is used to refer to it?
1. It cuts DNA at a palindrome and
2. can be called a restriction endonuclease.
Compare/Contrast in vivo and ex vivo therapies
in vivo-in the living
ex vivo-out of the living
A virus that injects nucleotides into bacterium.
What is a bacteriophage?
Name the 3 types of vectors
viruses, bacteria, animals, plants, plasmid
What is the most commonly genetically modified crop?
Corn
What are the three steps of the PCR process, in order?
1. Denaturing (separate the strands)
2. Annealing (primers are added)
3. Extension (matching strands are made)
Pseudomonas Syringae bacteria have been modified to prevent the production of ice crystals associated with frost on plants. This is an example of using transgenic bacteria in what type of relationship?
symbiotic relationship
What are STRs, and how can they be used to distinguish between different people?
Short Tandem Repeats, which are short repeats of a nucleotide sequence. The number of STRs varies from person-to-person, so a list of a person's STRs is unique to that person.