Genes and DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Where are chromosomes located in a cell?
Nucleus
Where did Avery and team conduct their experiment
Rockefeller University, NY
What were the two rules Chargaff discovered
A pairs with T and G pairs with C
What letters make up DNA?
A, C,G, and T
What makes up chromosomes?
Proteins and DNA/genes
What were the findings of Hershey and Chase's experiment
DNA is the genetic material
What technique did Franklin and Wilkins use to find the double helix structure of DNA
X-ray crystallography
What is a gene?
A hereditary unit that occupies a specific location on a chromosome, determines a particular characteristic in an organism by directing the formation of a specific protein, and is capable of replicating itself at each cell division.
What protein is most present in a chromosomes?
Histones
What were the four outcomes of Griffith's experiment?
R strain did not kill mouse
S strain killed mouse
Heat killed S strain did not kill mouse
Heat killed S strain and R strain killed mouse
UV Spectrophotometry and paper chromatography
What do the 4 letters in DNA stand for?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
How are chromosomes and DNA related?
DNA is tightly wounded around histones and packed to form chromosomes
What were the two radioactive materials used in Hershey and Chase's experiment and what did each radioactive material contain?
Radioactive sulfur - contained proteins
Radioactive phosphorus - contained DNA
What did Watson and Crick find out makes up the backbone of DNA?
Sugar-phosphate backbone
How are the four letters of DNA related?
Adenine pairs with thymine, guanine pairs with cytosine
Adenine has 1:1 ratio with thymine, guanine has 1:1 ratio with cytosine
How many chromosomes do you get from each parent? And in total?
23 from each, 46 total
What were the three digestive enzymes used in Avery's experiment and what did they do?
DNase, RNAse and Protease
Broke down the perspective molecule
Which bond holds together the nitrogenous base pairs in DNA?
Hydrogen bonds