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What is a gene?
Region of DNA that codes for a specific sequence of amino acid
There are [BLANK] number of bases of DNA
4 bases
The four bases of DNA are
Adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine
In a protein, it commonly contains [BLANK] amino acids
20
There are [BLANK] possible combinations for a two bases code for one amino acid
16
There are [BLANK] possible combinations for a three bases code for one amino acid
64
List three features of a genetic code
Non-overlapping, universal, and degenerate
Is the genetic code non-overlapping?
Yes
What does the non-overlapping feature do to a genetic code?
Each nucleotide is part of only one codon, and not the adjacent codon
What does the universal feature do to a genetic code?
Each triplet code is universal and codes for the same amino acid in all organisms
What does the punctuation feature do to a genetic code?
Three of the triplets act as full stops. They mark the gene’s end during protein synthesis
What does the degenerate feature do to a genetic code?
The triplet code can be described as redundant/degenerate, meaning some amino acids are coded by more than one triplet
What is the codon sequence of glutamic?
GAA and GAG
What's the codon sequence for tryptophan?
UGG
How did know to base their research on the theory that every triplet will code for one amino acid?
Because this theory is the closest to the fact that there are 20 common amino acids found in all proteins
What's the codon sequence for methionine?
AUG
Is two bases code for one amino acid possible for a protein?
Not possible
Is one base codes for one amino acid possible for a protein?
Not possible
Why is one base codes for one amino acid not possible for a protein?
There are 20 amino acids commonly found in proteins, but here there are only four possible combinations.
How did scientists theorize the existence of the base sequences coding for amino acids?
Because they theorized that since each type of protein has a unique sequence of amino acids determining its nature, then if you control the sequence of amino acids, then you can control the protein as a whole. thus, the base sequences in the dna is also the base sequence for amino acids