Terminology
The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material (and title of this chapter)...
What is Genetic Engineering?
This method of breeding allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation...
What is selective breeding?
These are molecules that contain DNA from two different sources.
What is Recombinant DNA?
Name two out the three main applications of genetic engineering?
Agriculture, Medicine/Health, and Personal Identification
Organisms that contain genes from other species...
What are transgenic organisms?
A member of a population that is genetically identical and produced from a single cell...
What is a clone?
Crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together their best characteristics is called...
What is hybridization?
Organisms that contain genes from other organisms are called...
What are transgenic organisms?
This chromosome does not experience crossing-over and therefore can pass essentially unchanged paternally...
What is a Y chromosome?
These two components are know to increase the mutation rates of plants and animals...
What is radiation and chemicals?
A gene that is used to differentiate a cell that carries a recombinant plasmid from those that do not.
What is a genetic marker?
These are the sources of biological diversity?
What are mutations?
What is the name of the research technique for finding specific DNA sequences...
What is Southern Blotting?
The process of changing a gene to treat a disorder...
What is gene therapy?
This cause the DNA to separate into two strands in the polymerase chain reaction...
What is heat?
This is the scientific study of crime scene evidence...
What is forensics?
This type of plant can quickly produce new species of plants that are larger and stronger than their diploid relatives...
What are polyploid plants?
These are circular DNA molecules found in bacteria...
What are plasmids?
This technique that analyzes sections of DNA that may have little or no function but vary from person to person...
What is DNA fingerprinting?
What is the name of the short piece of DNA that complements a portion of the sequence that biologist add to the original DNA strand
What is a primer?
This is the application of a technological process, invention, or method to living organisms.
What is Biotechnology?
The continuation of breeding individuals with similar characteristics...
What is inbreeding?
This technique that allows scientists to make many copies of a gene
What is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)?
This technology lets scientists study thousands of genes at once...
What is DNA microarray?
What type of DNA molecules are passed from mother to child?
What is mtDNA?