Mutations
Mutations in DNA can involve changes in these base pairs that affect protein synthesis.
What is Adenine + Thymine and Cytosine + Guanine?
This type of allele can be masked by the presence of another allele in a genotype.
What is recessive trait/allele?
*bb
The combination of alleles inherited from Mom and Dad, usually labelled with uppercase/lowercase letters.
What is genotype?
This mutation cannot be inherited by offspring, as it occurs in the body cells which divide through mitosis.
What is somatic mutation?
*Somatic = soma = body cells!
This type of allele can phenotypically express as long as there is at least one allele of its type present.
What is dominant trait/allele?
*Bb or BB
The physical expression of genes inherited from Mom and Dad based on the combination of alleles to determine outcome.
What is phenotype?
This mutation can be inherited by offspring, as it occurs in the reproductive cells which divide through meiosis.
What is gametic mutation?
*Gametic = gametes = reproductive cells!
This genotype has two of the same alleles.
What is homozygous?
The Non-Mendelian inheritance in which there is more than one allele present in determining the phenotype trait
What is multiple alleles?
Examples of this include deletion and insertion of bases in a strand of RNA/DNA and can result in movement of bases out of sequence.
What is frameshift mutation?
This genotype has two different alleles.
What is heterozygous?
The Non-Mendelian inheritance that results in two alleles being phenotypically expressed at the same time.
What is Codominance?
Example of this includes substitution of a base in a strand of RNA/DNA and may result in maintaining the original sequence order.
What is point mutation?
A mom cat and dad cat have a litter! Mom is a calico cat with black and orange fur coat, which is a codominant trait only possible with XBXO. Dad has XOY for orange fur coat.
What percent of the offspring will have calico fur?
25%
The Non-Mendelian inheritance that results in two alleles being phenotypically expressed as a blend/mix.
What is incomplete dominance?