Genetic Basics
What is the basic unit of heredity?
gene?
What is a tool used to predict the probability of offspring traits?
Punnett square?
What is the probability of flipping a coin and it landing on heads?
50%
What is the term for different forms of a gene?
allele
What are the two types of alleles?
dominant and recessive alleles
In a monohybrid cross, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive traits?
Heterozygous dominant
In a genetic cross, if the probability of an offspring being homozygous recessive is 25%, what is the probability of it being heterozygous?
50%
What is the term for an observable characteristic
trait
What term describes the genetic makeup of an organism?
genotype
If a homozygous dominant plant (AA) is crossed with a homozygous recessive plant (aa), what will be the genotype of the offspring?
all heterozygous (Aa)?
If two heterozygous parents (Bb) are crossed, what is the probability of producing a homozygous dominant offspring?
What is 25%?
What do we call the combination of alleles an organism has?
genotype
What is the physical expression of a trait called?
phenotype
What does it mean if an organism is homozygous?
having two identical alleles for a trait
What is the term for a trait that masks the effect of another trait?
dominant
What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?
What is phenotype is the physical expression, while genotype is the genetic makeup?
Who is known as the father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel?
How does a dihybrid cross differ from a monohybrid cross?
What involves two traits instead of one?
In a cross of AA x AA, what is the probability of producing an offspring with the genotype aa?
A) 0%
B)25%
C) 50%
D)100%
What term describes the genetic make-up of an organism when it has two different alleles for a trait?
heterozygous