What is an organism that contains DNA from another species called?
Transgenic organism
100
Name a disease that can be helped by genetic engineering.
Hemophilia, HIV, cancer, anemia, etc.
100
What did the Korean scientists claim that they had cloned?
Human embryos
100
What is the name of the vector used to genetically engineer plants?
Ti vector
100
Name a protein that is medically important that can be made through genetic engineering.
Hemoglobin, clotting factors, insulin, etc.
200
What is the term for the protein that makes cuts in DNA?
Restriction enzyme
200
The process of inserting healthy genes into someone that has a copy of a defective gene.
Gene therapy
200
What type of cell was used to clone Dolly from?
Mammary
200
What is one way that plants can be genetically improved?
Ripen faster, increase nutritional value, resistant to pesticides, tolerant to droughts, produce more fruit, etc.
200
What was the effort that was used to map every gene on every chromosome called?
The Human Genome Project
300
What organism is best used for a plasmid or vector?
Bacteria
300
What is one way that DNA fingerprinting can be used?
Solve a crime, determine genetic relations, determine paternity or maternity
300
What is a differentiated cell?
A cell that has a certain job or function.
300
What is one way that animals can be genetically improved?
Gain more weight, produce more offspring, produce more milk, etc.
300
What is a solution that contains part of a harmless pathogen called?
Vaccine
400
What is the term for a carrier for the gene of interest?
Plasmid or vector
400
What is the process of loading DNA into a gel, running an electric current through it, and observing the bands of DNA called? (NOT DNA FINGERPRINTING!)
Gel electrophoresis
Southern Blot
400
What is the first step of cloning?
Removing a mammary cell from one sheep and removing the nucleus from an egg cell in another sheep.
400
How did farmers of the past use genetic engineering?
They would select seeds that yielded the best crops and only plant those year after year.
400
If the numbers on a micropipetter read from top to bottom, 0-2-4, the amount being withdrawn is
2.4 microliters
500
Why is bacteria the best organism to use for a plasmid or vector?
It replicates quickly
500
When running DNA through a fingerprint, the DNA is fractured into smaller pieces (bands). What are those pieces called?
RFLPs
500
In which country was the first successful cloning experiment?
Scotland
500
Why would it be important to genetically engineer plants to be resistant to insects?
You won't have to spray the crops as often or as much.
500
Why is the final step of genetic engineering, screening, so important?
It determines if the gene of interest has been successfully put into the vector or plasmid.