Genetics
Give the base pairing rule (complimentary bases)
A can only pair with T and C can only pair with G
What are alleles?
Different forms of genes.
What is sexual reproduction?
A method of reproduction that results in offspring that do not look exactly like the parents.
What are pure bred?
Homozygous individuals
What are homologous chromosomes?
Pairs of chromosomes that are the same length and contain the same genes
Chemical that contains the genetic information for an organism
What is asexual reproduction?
A type of reproduction that results in organisms identical to the parent.
What is DNA replication?
Process that copies the DNA before cell division
What is a phenotype?
The visible characteristics of an organism.
Give the name of the shape of DNA
double helix (twisted ladder shape)
What is a pedigree chart?
Family tree that shows the inheritance of phenotypes
What is mutation?
A permanent change in base sequence of a gene that produces a new allele
What is a genotype?
An alphabetic representation of alleles.
What is a nucleotide? (define and draw a nucleotide)
Basic unit of DNA that is made of a base, a sugar, and a phosphate.
What is fertilisation?
Fertiliation is when a random gamete from each parent join/fuse in a random way to produce a genetically unique zygote.
What is meiosis?
The production of gametes.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
The father of genetics.
Explain how mutations occur and how it causes variation (best answer wins)
Explain how one of the processes of sexual reproduction causes variation in a population (best answer wins)
Teacher chooses best answer
Describe how crossing over and independent assortment contribute to variation in your answer.
Independent assortment is when the homologous chromosomes line up in a random order which makes new combinations.
Crossing over is when the homologous chromosomes exchange sections in meiosis leading to new combination of alleles in each of the chromosomes in the gametes.
This ensures each gametes have different combinations of alleles.