Genetics Basics
What is the fundamental unit of heredity that carries genetic information?
What is DNA?
What type of genetic variation results from random changes in DNA sequences during replication?
What are mutations?
What do capital letters represent when denoting alleles?
What are dominant alleles?
What is the term for the process by which some individuals in a population contribute more offspring to the next generation than others?
What is natural selection?
What does DNA stand for?
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
What term refers to the different forms of a gene that can exist?
What are alleles?
What is the name of the process by which DNA is copied during cell division?
What is DNA replication?
If an individual has two different alleles for a particular gene, what is their genotype called?
What is heterozygous?
What type of mutation can be inherited?
What are gametic mutations?
What is the term for the twisted ladder-like structure of DNA?
What is the double helix?
In humans, how many pairs of chromosomes are there?
What are 23?
What is the term for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during meiosis?
What is crossing over?
What is the term for an individual with two identical alleles for a specific gene?
What is homozygous?
Migration in birds is an example of what type of adaptive feature?
What is behavioural?
DNA is often described as a double helix. What forms the "backbone" or "sides" of this helix?
What are sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate molecules?
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
What are A, T, C and G or adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
In what type of genetic variation do offspring inherit a combination of genes from both parents?
What is sexual reproduction?
What is the fundamental process during meiosis that leads to new combinations of alleles in gametes?
What is recombination?
Budding is an example of what type of reproduction?
What is asexual reproduction?
In a DNA molecule, what holds the nitrogenous bases together in the centre of the double helix?
What are hydrogen bonds?
What is the term that describes the specific set of genes or alleles that an organism has?
What is genotype?
What are the three types of base mutations?
What are deletion, insertion and substitution?
What is the term for the observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype and the environment?
What is phenotype?
This phrase, often associated with Charles Darwin, describes the idea that individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes to the next generation in the process of evolution.
What is "survival of the fittest"?
What are the building blocks of a DNA molecule?
What is nucleotides?