Vocab
What sexual process produces only identical offspring?
Cloning
Two copies of each chromosome (one from
each parent) is called
Zygote
Genetic trait that is expressed when its allele is
homozygous or heterozygous.
Dominant
What happens to an enzyme if the temperature is increased and the pH is changed?
It becomes denatured
Who is DOLLY?
The first successfully cloned organism.
What pairs with adenine in RNA?
Uracil
The transmission of genetic traits from parent to
offspring
Heredity
Refers to an individual with different alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous
An ameba engulfs bacteria. What would you classify the ameba as and what kind of activity is taking place?
Consumer
Heterotrophic
List the steps - in order - of Meiosis.
Prophase 1 - Telophase/cytokinesis 1
Prophase 2 - Telophase/cytokinesis 2
If a base pair gets inserted into a DNA strand, or a base pair gets deleted from a DNA strand; what is the mutation called?
Frameshift mutation
A cross involving one pair of contrasting traits.
Monohybrid Cross
Mom has the alleles : HH
Dad has the alleles : hh
Offspring has the alleles : Hh
What do I call each allele?
HH - Homozygous Dom
hh - Homozygous Rec
Hh - Heterozygous Dom
DNA contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.
Do you need points?
here is double (600)
He would then breed these two plants (P generation) and observe which trait was expressed in the offspring (F1 generation) that were produced.
Who is he?
Mendel
Explain the difference between phenotype and genotype.
The genotype refers to the genetic material passed between generations, and the phenotype is observable characteristics or traits of an organism
Explain why pathogens are bad... and how they are good.
They are disease causing agents.
They help make vaccines.
What are the purines and pyrimidines of DNA?
Purines - A&G
Pyrimidines - C&T
What an allele versus a gene?
An allele codes for the specific trait that will be expressed - i.e. green eyes
A gene is the general trait - i.e. eye color
Are different versions of the same gene that code for
slightly different proteins
Alleles
List the four types of genes.
Guanine
Adenine
Cytosine
Thymine
Who discovered the structure of DNA and when?
Watson & Crick, 1950s
If you know the correct procedure, you “know” this, also a tool.
What is the drill?