GENETICS

Discovery of Genetics

100

This was the scientist who first began studying heredity and genetics.

Gregor Mendel

200

What did Gregor Mendel cross-pollinate in his genetics experiments?

Plants / pea plants

300

What was the main conclusion of Mendel's pea plant study?

Dominant and recessive traits.

400

This is the study of heredity

genetics

500

This is the passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring.

Heredity

Genetics 2

100

This is an organism's genetic makeup.

Genotype

200

This is an organism's physical appearance.

Phenotype

300

This shows all of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross.

Punnett square

400

How many dominant alleles are needed for a particular trait to show up?

1

500

What happens when a recessive allele is paired up with a dominant allele?

It is hidden / doesn't show up

DNA

100

A section of DNA is called

a gene

200

What nucleotide pairs with Thymine in DNA?

Adenine

300

structures in which DNA is tightly packaged within the nucleus

What is a chromosome?

400

The process of DNA making a complete copy of itself

What is DNA Replication?

500

what is the first step of DNA replication?

Helicase unzips the DNA strand

transcription and translation

100

The location where transcription takes place

What is the Nucleus?

200

the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

What is transcription?

300

messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific amino acid chain(protein)

What is transcription?

400

Complimentary strand of DNA: ACCGTA

TGGCAT

500

Complimentary mRNA Strand: ACAGT

UGUCA

Punnett Squares

100

This type of organism has 2 different alleles for a trait

Heterozygous

200

This type of organism has 2 recessive alleles for a trait

Homozygous recessive

300

This type of organism has 2 dominant alleles for a trait.

Homozygous dominant

400

Do the following cross (A = freckles, a = no freckles):

Aa x Aa

What are the possible genotypes?

Phenotypes?

AA, Aa, aa

75% Freckles

25% No Freckles

500

Do the following cross where B = blue eyes, b = brown eyes.

Bb x bb

Genotype?

Phenotype?

Bb, bb

50% Blue Eyes

50% Brown Eyes