Mendelian Patterns of Inheritance
Gene that controls the expression of another gene or genes; in operon, codes for repressor proteins
What is a regulator gene?
Production of identical copies. In organisms, the production of organisms with the same genes; in genetic engineering, the production of many identical copies of a gene.
What is cloning?
Control of gene expression by the use of transcription factors, and other proteins, that regulate either the initiation of transcription or the rate at which it occurs.
Area of study that examines the genome of a species or group of species.
What is genomics?
During gene expression, the process whereby ribosomes use the sequence of codons in mRNA to produce a polypeptide with a particular sequence of amino acids.
What is translation?
Network of DNA strands and associated proteins observed within the nucleus of a cell.
What is chromatin?
First stage of gene expression; process whereby a DNA strand serves as a template for the formation of mRNA.
A group of proteins involved in forming the nucleosome structure of eukaryote chromatin.
What is histone?
Area of scientific study that utilizes computer technologies to analyze large sets of data, typically in the study of genomics and proteomics.
What is bioinformatics?
Gene expression following transcription that regulates the way mRNA transcripts are processed.
In an operon, a sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds prior to transcription.
What is a promoter?
Enzyme that links DNA fragments; used during production of recombinant DNA to join foreign DNA to vector DNA.
What is DNA ligase?
Alternation of gene expression by changing a protein's activity after it is translated.
What is posttranslational control?
Correction of detrimental mutation by the insertion of DNA sequences into the genome of a cell.
Study of the complete collection of proteins that a cell or organism expresses.
What is proteomics?
Gene that promotes the cell cycle and prevents apoptosis; may become an oncogene through mutation.
What is a proto-oncogene?
Process of DNA replication that results in two double helix molecules, each having one parental and one new strand.
What is semiconservative replication?
Mutation that arises as a result of anomalies in normal biological processes, such as mistakes made during DNA replication.
What is spontaneous mutation?
DNA that contains genes from more than one source.
Gene expression regulated by influencing the interaction of the mRNA transcripts with the ribosome.
What is translational control?
Group of structural and regulating genes that function as a single unit.
What is an operon?
Rules that state that,
1) the amount of A, T, G, and C in DNA varies from species to species.
2) in each species, the amount of A=T and the amount of G=C.
What is Chargaff's rules?
Mutation that is caused by an outside influence, such as organic chemicals or ionizing radiation.
What is induced mutation?
Organism whose genetic material has been altered or enhanced using DNA technology.
What is a genetically modified organism.
Molecule that brings about activity of an operon by joining with a repressor and preventing it from binding to the operator.
What is an inducer?