DNA
Which nitrogen base is not present in DNA?
Uracil
Which nitrogen base is not present in RNA?
Thymine
What is replication?
Making a copy of DNA
What is transcription?
mRNA is made using a DNA template
What is translation?
An amino acid chain (protein) is made from the mRNA template.
How many strands does DNA have?
Two
How many strands does RNA have?
One
What is semi-conservative replication?
The replicated (copied) DNA is made of one new strand and one old strand
What are sets of 3 nucleotides called?
codons
What is the final product of translation?
a protein
What are the components of a nucleotide?
A sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogen base
What is the monomer of DNA and RNA?
Nucleotide
What is the name of the enzyme that "unzips" the DNA strand?
DNA Helicase
Can a protein be made if transcription does not occur?
No
What are the 2 steps of protein synthesis?
transcription and translation
What is the function of DNA?
Contains genetic information. "the recipe for life"
Which type of RNA sends the DNA's message out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm?
mRNA
What is the name of the enzyme that reads the DNA strand and places the nucleotides?
DNA Polymerase
What is the name of the enzyme that adds nucleotides to a strand of RNA and unzips the DNA?
RNA polymerase
What is the central dogma?
DNA > RNA > Protein
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
What does RNA stand for?
Ribo Nucleic Acid
On which strand does replication occur continuously?
the leading strand
Where in the cell does transcription occur?
the nucleus
Where in the cell does translation occur?
in the cytoplasm