Definitions Pt 1
The scientific study of heredity
GENETICS
The Roman numeral in a pedigree chart is used to show this
The family's generation
Each box in a Punnett square represents ______% of the whole box.
25
A genetic chart that is used to track specific traits in a family.
PEDIGREE
Brown eyes (B) are dominant over blue eyes (b). A homozygous brown eyed male (Bb) crosses with a heterozygous brown eyed female (Bb). What is the possibility that the offspring will have blue eyes?
25%
A specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
TRAIT
Female carrier
True or false: Two people that have dominant brown hair CANNOT have a child with red hair.
False
This is a trait that is always expressed. It prevents a recessive from being expressed.
Dominant allele
A geneticist crossed homozygous, dominant green pod color pea plants (GG) with homozygous recessive yellow pod color pea plants (gg). What are the possible offspring combination(s)?
The only combination would be Gg - Greed pod color pea plants
A section of DNA that codes for a specific trait
GENE
A vertical line between a circle and a square means that those people are __________.
Partners
What is the probability that an organism that is heterozygous crosses with an organism that is homozygous dominant will end up with offspring that are homozygous recessive? Your answer should be a percent.
0%
"Purebred" or having two identical alleles for a trait
Homozygous
In tomatoes, red fruit (R) is dominant over yellow fruit (r). What is the probability that an offspring of plants that are heterozygous (Rr) produce plants with the homozygous recessive (rr) genotype? Give your answer in % form.
25%
Different forms of a gene
ALLELE
Carriers
Creates a blended phenotype where one allele is not dominant over the other
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
Phenotype refers to the ______________________ of an individual.
In one of Mendel's experiments, a cross between two tall plants produced both tall and short offspring in a 3:1 ratio. Which conclusion can be made about the parents' alleles?
Both parent plants were heterozygous (Tt) for height.
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
Punnett Square
These types of traits will not skip generations.
Dominant
A situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism
CO-DOMINANT
Scientists call an organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Hybrid
In a cross of purple flowered heterozygous plants (Pp), the letter P represents the allele for purple flowers and the letter p represents the allele for white flowers.
What is the probability that an offspring of this cross expresses plants with purple flower phenotypes? Give your answer in % form.
75%