Mitosis
What organisms undergo mitosis to reproduce asexually?
unicellular organisms
what happens in the process of meiosis?
cell divides twice and produces 4 daughter cells with half the amount of genetic material
What is DNA
stores the genetic code for all living things
what is a genotype?
refers to two alleles an organism has inherited for a particular gene
undergo mitosis to create new cells for growth and repair old cells
multicellular organisms
name of a reproductive cell, egg or sperm
gamete
what are the building blocks that connect with each other to make long chains?
nucleotides
what is a phenotype?
the result of the expression of one or more genes, can be a physical trait
life begins as this type of single cell that carries half the DNA from each parent
zygote
How many total chromosomes does a parent cell have in total
46 chromosomes or 23 pairs
what are the 4 different nucleotides that make up a genetic code on each strand?
adenine, cytosine, thymine, and guanine
what does codominance mean?
both alleles of a gene are distinctly expressed
protects the DNA during the process of mitosis
chromosom
phase in meiosis where the chromosome pairs separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
anaphase 1
what are amino acids?
building blocks of proteins
what is incomplete dominance?
both alleles are partially expressed in an intermediate phenotype
phase in mitosis where the chromosomes align in the center of the cell and attach to microtubules in preparation to split apart
metaphase
phase in meiosis where 4 new nuclei form around each set of chromosomes
telophase 2
what nucleotide always pairs with Adenine?
thymine
how does a genetic mutation occur?
mistakes are made during the DNA copying process