Genetics 1
The characteristics of an organism.
What are traits?
This gene always shows is self over a recessive gene
What is a dominant gene?
All human cells contain _________ chromosomes
What is 46?
Organized display of an organism's chromosomes.
What is karyotype?
a capital letter represents what type of trait?
What is a dominant trait?
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
What is heredity?
This describes two of the same copies of a gene
What is homozygous?
Enzyme in charge of unzipping the DNA and building RNA during transcription
holds chromatids together
what is the centromere?
Heterozygous parents are crossed. What percent of offspring will be homozygous dominant?
What is 25%?
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
This describes different alleles for the same trait.
what is heterozygous?
The process by which DNA is duplicated
What is replication?
Where are chromosomes located?
What is the nucleus?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be homozygous?
What is 50%?
Chromosomes are made up of _______.
What is DNA?
Shows possible gene combinations.
What is a Punnett square?
During replication, DNA makes an ________ copy of itself.
What is identical?
genes of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
What is a recessive gene?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be heterozygous?
What is 50%?
Sequence of nucleotides in DNA.
Gene
Enzyme that "unzips" the DNA for DNA replication
helicase
One of two or more forms of a particular gene
What is an allele?
What percentage of two homozygous parents will be heterozygous?
What is zero percent?
What percent of the offspring of heterozygous parents will be homozygous recessive?
What is 25%
The flow of information in genetics
DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Carries instructions for making a protein to a ribosome
Sequence of three nucleotides of mRNA
codon
Sequence of three nucleotides of DNA
triplet
The four nitrogen bases found in RNA.
What are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil?
Describe transcription
The production of RNA from the code of DNA
Location of transcription and translation, respectively
nucleus, ribosome (in cytoplasm)
The "r" in rRNA
ribosomal
Describe an anti-codon
The three complimentary nucleotides found on tRNA
Describe tRNA
The RNA molecule that brings the correct amino acid to the site of translation