Genetics
the building blocks of a DNA molecule
Nucleotides
Where is DNA located?
In the nucleus
Why could a set of identical twins have traits that differ even though their DNA is exactly the same?
The environment affects gene expression.
Their behavior might be different- smoking, tanning, diet, exercise, etc.
What are the rules of base pairing for a DNA strand?
A-T
C-G.
What is the difference between an acquired trait and an inherited trait?
Acquired- you get through your lifetime
Inherited- you are born with
What are the two steps of protein synthesis?
Transcription and translation
Why can't DNA leave the nucleus of a cell?
It is too large, it is double stranded
Name on disease that is caused by a genetic mutation?
Sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, Down syndrome
DNA contains the instructions for making what molecule?
Proteins
During translation, the code of mRNA is used to assemble a chain of these building blocks
amino acids
What is it called when DNA makes an exact copy of itself before cell division?
Replication
Where does protein synthesis occur?
Ribosome
AAT GCT GAC
UUA CGA CUG
What is it called when DNA has a change or a mistake?
Genetic mutation
A mutation can only be passed from parent to offspring if it occurs in which type of cell?
Gametes- sperm or egg cell