Punet Square
DNA Structure
Phenotypes
Genotypes
100
How much squares does a punet square have
4
100
What is the shape of DNA
Double Helix
100
What is a phenotype?
A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristic of an organism, such as eye color, height, or blood type. It results from the interaction of the organism’s genes (genotype) and the environment.
100
What is a Genotype?
A genotype is the set of genes an organism carries. It’s like the genetic “code” or instructions inside the DNA that determines traits. Each gene can have different versions, called alleles.
200
How much percent is each square of the punet square
25%
200
In DNA Adenine (A) bonds with what DNA base
Thymine (T)
200
If a pea plant has yellow seeds, is “yellow seeds” a phenotype or a genotype?
“Yellow seeds” is a phenotype because it describes what you can see.
200
How Do Genotypes Work?
For many traits, you inherit one allele from each parent. These pairs of alleles make up your genotype for that trait.
300
What does the Capital letter stand for in a allele
Dominant
300
What is the shape of RNA
Single Strand
300
How can two organisms have the same phenotype but different genotypes?
Sometimes, different gene combinations can produce the same visible trait. For example, in pea plants, both YY and Yy genotypes result in yellow seeds.
300
Genotype vs. Phenotype
- Genotype: The genetic makeup (e.g., YY, Yy, yy)
- Phenotype: The physical trait you see (e.g., yellow or green seeds)
400
AA
Homozygus dominant
400
What is the name of a 3 consecutive nucleotides in a strand of DNA and RNA
Codon
400
How can the environment affect an organism’s phenotype?
The environment can influence how genes are expressed. For example, a plant’s height (phenotype) can be affected by sunlight, water, and soil quality, even if its genes (genotype) are the same.
400
Homozygous and Heterozygous
- Homozygous: Both alleles are the same (YY or yy)
- Heterozygous: The alleles are different (Yy)
500
25%
500
How do the major and minor grooves in the DNA double helix contribute to the function of DNA in the cell?
The major and minor grooves are like landing spots for proteins. These spots help proteins find the right place on DNA to do important jobs, like turning genes on or off.
500
In a population, why might you see a range of phenotypes for a single trait, like skin color?
Some traits, like skin color, are controlled by multiple genes (polygenic inheritance) and influenced by the environment. This leads to a wide range of phenotypes, not just two or three options.
500
Genotypes in Real Life
Genotypes don’t just control seed color—they determine everything from blood type to whether you can roll your tongue! Sometimes, traits are controlled by more than one gene, making things more complex.