Mitosis & Meiosis
How many cells are made in mitosis?
2
What term refers to the study of how traits are inherited?
genetics
What shape is RNA
single helix
What are the building blocks of proteins?
amino acids
In buffalo, being boring (B) is dominant to being busy (b). A true-breeding, busy male is crossed with a true-breeding, boring female.
What are the possible genotypes of their offspring?
Only Bb
What type of cells are the outcome of meiosis?
haploid
What is Mendel's ratio?
3:1
What 4 nitrogenous bases are in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine
What type of RNA brings amino acids to build the protein?
tRNA
In monkeys, being playful (P) is dominant to being paranoid (p). A heterozygous female is crossed with a homozygous dominant male.
What are the possible genotypes of their offspring?
PP and Pp
What stage of mitosis do chromatids split?
Anaphase
What organism did Mendel study?
Pea plants
What is the process of making RNA from DNA called?
transcription
What spot is the landing spot of the new RNA with an animo acid attached?
A
In chickens, the allele for a pea comb (A) is dominant to the allele for a single comb (a).
A mother with the genotype Aa and a father with the genotype Aa produce an offspring.
What is the percent chance that the offspring will have a single comb?
25%
What is the final split of both mitosis and meiosis called?
cytokinesis
What is the outcome of Mendel's first cross of his hybrid plants?
75% purple, 25% white
What type of mutation is caused by the addition of one or more nitrogenous bases?
instertion
How do our cells know when to stop making a protein?
Sickle-cell anemia is a recessive trait in humans. In order to express the disease, an affected individual must inherit two recessive alleles (ss).
What is the probability that the offspring of two heterozygous parents will also be heterozygous?
1/2
What is the longest phase in the cell's life?
Interphase
If Mendel were to cross his hybrid plant with a true breeding white plant, what would the ratio of purple to white flowers be?
2:2 or 1:1
Why don't A and C bind together?
Their shapes don't allow them to
What amnio acid do all amino acid chains (proteins) start with?
Methionine (Met)
In dogs, being clumsy (C) is dominant to being cool (c), and being dazzling (D) is dominant to being docile (d).
A female dog that is heterozygous for both the C and D trait is mated with a male dog that is also heterozygous for both traits. Both the C and D traits assort independently from one another.
What is the probability that they will have an offspring that is clumsy and dazzling?
9/16 or ~56%