DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Why must DNA be replicated?
Growth, repair, replacement of cells
What is our body mainly composed of after water?
proteins
2) Translation
Who is the father of genetics?
Gregor Mendel
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine
Where do the two strands of nucleotides separate in a DNA molecule?
Between the base pairs ("unzips")
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino Acids
What would be the mRNA strand produced from this DNA sequence: ATACGA
UAUGCU
Aa is the genotype where tall is the?
phenotype
Which bases pair with one another in DNA?
A with T
C with G
What is the DNA compliment to AGCAAG
TCGTTC
A sequence of 3 bases in DNA or RNA is called a?
codon
What happens during transcription?
mRNA is made from DNA in the nucleus.
A trait that always shows up is ________, and a trait that can hide is_______.
1) dominant
2) recessive
What are the sides of the double helix ladder made of?
Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules?
What is the element of bond made of in between the two bases?
Hydrogen
What organelle is responsible for making proteins?
Ribosomes
What happens during translation?
mRNA is "read" by the ribosome and tRNA transfers amino acids to the ribosome to build proteins.
______ blood type is the universal donor and _____ blood type is the universal acceptor.
1) Type O
2) Type AB
DNA is made of repeating units called?
Nucleotides
How many amino acids would be brought the ribosome by tRNA by this sequence:
AAU CGC AAC GCA UUU
5 amino acids
A change in a genetic code is called a __________. When a base is added it is called ______________.
mutation, insertion
How many amino acids are there?
20
What mathematical model can be used to predict genotype and phenotype?
Punnett square and/or pedigree